588. =Arctic towhee.= PIPILO MACULATUS ARCTICUS. Winter resident; not uncommon; comes to base of Rocky Mountains in winter; breeds in the North, as far as the Saskatchewan River. 588a. =Spurred towhee.= PIPILO MACULATUS MEGALONYX. Common summer resident; upper limit, 9,000 feet. 591. =Cañon towhee.= PIPILO FUSCUS MESOLEUCUS. Resident; common locally; all records from Arkansas Valley; rare at an altitude of 10,000 feet. 592. =Abert's towhee.= PIPILO ABERTI. Rare summer resident; species abundant in New Mexico and Arizona. 592.1. =Green-tailed towhee.= OREOSPIZA CHLORURA. Common summer resident; melodious songster. 593. =Cardinal.= CARDINALIS CARDINALIS. Winter visitor; rare, if not accidental; two records. 595. =Rose-breasted grosbeak.= ZAMELODIA LUDOVICIANA. Accidental summer resident; one record. 596. =Black-headed grosbeak.= ZAMELODIA MELANOCEPHALA. Common summer resident; breeds from plains to 8,500 feet; has been seen at 10,000 feet. 597a. =Western blue grosbeak.= GUIRACA CÆRULEA LAZULA. Summer resident; not uncommon locally; southern part of State; author saw one pair at Colorado Springs. 598. =Indigo bunting.= CYANOSPIZA CYANEA. Rare summer visitor; range, farther east. 599. =Lazuli bunting.= CYANOSPIZA AMOENA. Abundant summer resident; does not breed far up in the mountains, but has been taken at 9,100 feet. 604. =Dickcissel.= SPIZA AMERICANA. Rare summer resident; only on plains and in foothills. 605. =Lark bunting.= CALAMOSPIZA MELANOCORYS. Abundant summer resident; very plentiful on the plains; sometimes breeds as far up in mountains as 9,000 feet. 607. =Louisiana tanager.= PIRANGA LUDOVICIANA. Common summer resident; in migration common on the plains, but breeds from 6,000 to 10,000 feet. 608. =Scarlet tanager.= PIRANGA ERYTHROMELAS. Rare migrant. 610a. =Cooper's tanager.= PIRANGA RUBRA COOPERI. Rare or accidental summer visitor; abundant in New Mexico and Arizona; only one record for Colorado. 611. =Purple martin.= PROGNE SUBIS. Summer resident; local; rare in eastern, quite common in western part of the State. 612. =Cliff-swallow.= PETROCHELIDON LUNIFRONS. Abundant summer resident; breeds everywhere from plains to 10,000 feet; nests on cliffs and beneath eaves. 613. =Barn swallow.= HIRUNDO ERYTHROGASTER. Common summer resident; breeds from plains to 10,000 feet. 614. =Tree swallow.= TACHYCINETA BICOLOR. Summer resident; not uncommon; breeds occasionally on the plains; more frequently in mountains up to 10,000 feet. 615. =Violet-green swallow.= TACHYCINETA THALASSINA. Summer resident; abundant locally; a few breed on plains; more commonly from 6,000 to 10,500 feet. 616. =Bank swallow.= CLIVICOLA RIPARIA. Rare summer resident; rarest Colorado swallow; from plains to foothills. 617. =Rough-winged swallow.= STELGIDOPTERYX SERRIPENNIS. Summer resident; not uncommon; breeds below 7,500 feet. 618. =Bohemian waxwing.= AMPELIS GARRULUS. Winter resident; not uncommon; breeds north of the United States.