Man is, of course, the chief enemy of these sea-bird colonies, for in
the bleak and barren islands where they breed, human life could be
scarcely supported if it were not for the annual harvests of eggs and
young. The guillemots' eggs are collected by tens of thousands. This
work commences at Flamborough, for instance, in the middle of May. For
the first nine days the climber has a good run of eggs; for the next
nine, eggs are scarce. At the end of that time all the birds who had
been first robbed have laid again, and he has a second run of large
hauls, averaging from two to three hundred a day. Then comes a second
"slack" of nine days, after which there is, as it were, the aftermath,
sometimes hardly worth the trouble and danger of gathering, sometimes
equal in value to the first harvest. The birds themselves, too, are
eaten, more especially the puffin.
St. Kilda has been described as "the paradise of puffins: every
available spot is burrowed and honeycombed with their holes, and the sea
is often black with birds." Hither in the nesting season come the
islanders--men, women, and children--and with short rods, at the end of
which are nooses of horsehair or string, drag the little "bougies," as
they call them, out of their burrows. The birds are plucked (the
feathers being carefully put by for sale), cleaned, rubbed over with
salt, and hung up in strings to the roofs of the cabins, where the
peat-smoke partially "cures" them, and in this state they form one of
the chief and choicest items of the St. Kildan's austere fare. But
altogether apart from its attractions at the "hardy Norseman's" winter
board, the puffin is a very charming little bird. Its very quaintness
makes it engaging, for, whether you take it in profile, with its
grotesque beak in completest evidence, or full-face, with its queer,
owl-like look, its genuine unaffected comicality commends it to your
amused and kindly regard. For it is a most amiable fowl. It never seems
to quarrel with its kind, and even when it does the disagreement is
rather the make-believe of clowns than in serious earnest. The puffin is
almost voiceless, its usual sound being a purring noise, which, when it
is submitted to the extreme indignity of handling, becomes a kind of
half-hearted grumbling. No birds are more sociable than the
"sea-parrots": they are never seen alone, and even in their colonies
they are not exclusive, admitting any other sea-fowl that likes to join
them to equal rights of citizenship. But you must not put your fingers
into its beak. Puffins are not called "parrots" for nothing.
When breeding commences, the islands or headlands that they frequent
present scenes of most delightful activity.
"Above, around, in cloudy circles wheeled,
Or sailing level on the polar gale
That cool with evening rose, a thousand wings,
The summer nations of these pregnant cliffs
Play'd sportive round."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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