[Footnote 73: _British Medical Journal_, 1921, vol. ii, p. 169.] [Footnote 74: Reproduced in fourth edition, 1861.] [Footnote 75: _Essays in Medical Sociology_, 1899. Revised and printed for private circulation, p. 95, (Copy in Library of Royal Society of Medicine).] [Footnote 76: _British Medical Journal_, August 20, 1921, p. 302.] [Footnote 77: St. Matt. xviii. 6.] [Footnote 78: _Proceedings of the Medico-Legal Society_, July 7, 1921] [Footnote 79: "That arrangement of society in which so considerable a number of the families and individuals are constrained by positive law to labour for the advantage of other families and individuals as to stamp the whole community with the mark of such labour we call The Servile State."--Hilaire Belloc, _The Servile State_, 1912, p. 16.] [Footnote 80: The Secretary of the Malthusian League. Vide _The Declining Birth-rate_, 1916, p. 89.] [Footnote 81: _The Declining Birth-rate_, 1916, p. 37.] [Footnote 82: Dominions Royal Commission, Memorandum and Tables relating to the Food and Raw Material Requirements of the United Kingdom: prepared by the Royal Commission on the Natural Resources, Trade, and Legislation of Certain Portions of His Majesty's Dominions. November, 1915, pp. 1 and 2. My italics--H.G.S.] [Footnote 83: i.e. grain, wheatmeal, and flour] [Footnote 84: For particulars of this increase see Canada Year Book 1913, p. 144.] [Footnote 85: See pp. 387-8 of [Cd. 6588].] [Footnote 86: Average for period 1907-1910 and excluding British Columbia, where the yield per acre in 1911, the only year for which figures are available, averaged 29-37 bushels.] [Footnote 87: Including British Columbia.] [Footnote 88: Below the average. The yield per acre in 1912 was 12.53 bushels, and in 1913 11.18.] [Footnote 89: The Observer, Nov. 11, 1921.] [Footnote 90: _Reminiscences of a Highland Parish_, by Norman Macleod, D.D., 1876, p. 27.] [Footnote 91: Ibid., p. 34.] [Footnote 92: Ibid., p. 91.] [Footnote 93: British Medical Journal, August 13, 1921, p. 261.] [Footnote 94: Leaflet of the Malthusian League.] [Footnote 95: _The Hibbert Journal_, October 1914, p. 153. My italics.--H.G.S.] [Footnote 96: Quoted by Professor Meyrick Booth, _The Hibbert Journal_, October 1914, p. 153.] [Footnote 97: _The Hibbert Journal_, October 1914.] [Footnote 98: _The Malthusian_, November 1905, p. 84] [Footnote 99: C.V. Drysdale, O.B.E., D. Sc., _The Small Family System_, 1918, p. 150.] CHAPTER VIII THE RELIGIOUS ARGUMENT AGAINST BIRTH CONTROL Section 1. AN OFFENCE AGAINST THE LAW OF NATURE Birth control is against the law of nature, which Christians believe to be the reflection of the divine law in human affairs, and any violation of this law was held to be vicious even by the ancient pagan world. To this argument an advocate of birth control has made answer: