Much as we wish that one fine gesture would sweep aside these obsolete and ridiculous anti-contraceptive laws, both Federal and State, experience has shown us the emptiness of legal and legislative victories unless followed up vigorously by concerted action. Remember that in England there is no law preventing the spread of birth control knowledge; yet we see there, that the removal of legal restriction in the use of the mails is not enough. Our interests and our activity must be positive, fundamental, dynamic, constructive. Let us beware of the futility of striving after vain victories and theoretical triumphs—which may, indeed, stimulate in us a fine glow of egotistical satisfaction, but also divert and distract our attention and interest from the hard, thankless, detailed work of helping overburdened mothers. Let us not be led into the trap of believing that the mere repeal of a Federal law will change the course of ancient human habits or the most deep-rooted of instincts. APPENDIX NO. 11 NOTE: The words “preventing conception” are removed from the five Sections of the Federal Statutes which appear in the Bill. 1st Session, 68th CONGRESS, S. 2290 IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES JANUARY 28 (calendar day, JANUARY 30), 1924. _Mr. Cummins introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary._ A BILL To remove the prohibition of the circulation of contraceptive knowledge and means by amending sections 102, 211, 245, and 312 of the Criminal Code; and section 305, paragraphs (a) and (b), of the Tariff Act of 1922; and to safeguard the circulation of proper contraceptive knowledge and means by the enactment of a new section for the Criminal Code. _Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled_, That section 102 of the Criminal Code be amended to read as follows: “SEC. 102. Whoever, being an officer, agent, or employee of the Government of the United States, shall knowingly aid or abet any person engaged in violating any provision of law prohibiting importing, advertising, dealing in, exhibiting, or sending or receiving by mail obscene or indecent publications or representations, or means for producing abortion, or other article of indecent or immoral use or tendency, shall be fined not more than $5000 or imprisoned not more than ten years or both.” SEC. 2. That section 211 of the Criminal Code be amended to read as follows: