Black and White: Land, Labor, and Politics in the SouthFortune, Timothy Thomas
History
Black and White: Land, Labor, and Politics in the South
Fortune, Timothy Thomas
African Americans -- Southern States; Southern States -- Economic conditions; United States -- Race relations
Q. What chance is there of the planter securing white
labor to carry on these plantations?
--A. There is such a small proportion of white labor in the
South that it would be difficult for him to find them, and
the tide of foreign immigration is just beginning to be
turned in that direction. There has been a prejudice against
white emigrants going to the South, on account of going
among the negroes.
Q. Do you think that is diminishing?
--A. Diminishing yearly.
Q. You mean that immigration from Europe is being employed
on the plantations?
--A. Not exactly upon the large cotton plantations, but the
smaller plantations are now being converted into farms. For
instance, there has been a large immigration of European
emigrants into that section of the country between Little
Rock and Fort Smith.
Q. Do they, upon these farm or small plantations being
converted into farms, work in companionship with the negro
laborer?
--A. No; they generally buy the land and work it themselves;
they may hire a negro and work with him; they are laborers
themselves.
Q. Is there any tendency among the white and colored
laborers of any class to work in companionship, or to
fraternize at all in labor?
--A. I cannot say that there is. A white man would not take
a negro in as a partner to work with him in the field.
Q. And will a white man find any difficulty in hiring
another white man and negro to work together side by side in
the field?
--A. No, sir; I have them myself working side by side.
Q. There is no prejudice of that kind?
--A. None at all.
Q. No white man inquires whether he can work by himself or
is to work in company with a negro? Do they exhibit any
reluctance to work in company with the negro?
--A. The class of white people that work in our country for
wages comes from Ohio, and Missouri, and Indiana, and that
section of country, and I find there is some prejudice among
that class of people sometimes, but still there are
instances--as I say, I have men from Indiana now myself
hired working right in a gang with negroes.
Q. There is no strong tendency in that way, I suppose?
--A. No strong tendency in that way. There are no white
laborers from the South proper; at least the number we can
hire for wages is so small that it is not sufficient to call
it a class.
Q. In the Southern States proper about two thirds of the
population is white, is it not?
--A. I do not recollect. According to the census returns I
think there are about seven millions of negroes. The census
would give the exact statement.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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