In the chapter "on the relative importance of truths," there is a
little needless display of logic--needless, for we find, after all, he
does not dispute "the kind of truths proper to be represented by the
painter or sculptor," though he combats the maxim that general truths
are preferable to particular. His examples are quite out of art,
whether one be spoken of as a man or as Sir Isaac Newton. Even
logically speaking, Sir Isaac Newton may be the _whole_ of the
subject, and as such a whole might require a generality. There may be
many particulars that are best sunk. So, in a picture made up of many
parts, it should have a generality totally independent of the
particularities of the parts, which must be so represented as not to
interfere with that general idea, and which may be altogether in the
mind of the artist. This little discussion seems to arise from a sort
of quibble on the word important. Sir Joshua and others, who abet the
generality maxim, mean no more than that it is of importance to a
picture that it contain, fully expressed, one general idea, with which
no parts are to interfere, but that the parts will interfere if each
part be represented with its most particular truth--and that,
therefore, drapery should be drapery merely, not silk or satin, where
high truths of the subject are to be impressed.
"Colour is a secondary truth, therefore less important than form."
"He, therefore, who has neglected a truth of form for a truth of
colour, has neglected a greater truth for a less one." It is true
with regard to any individual object--but we doubt if it be always so
in picture. The character of the picture may not at all depend upon
form--nay, it is possible that the painter may wish to draw away the
mind altogether from the beauty, and even correctness of form, his
subject being effect and colour, that shall be predominant, and to
which form shall be quite subservient, and little more of it than
such as chiaro-scuro shall give; and in such a case colour is the
more important truth, because in it lies the sentiment of the
picture. The mystery of Rembrandt would vanish were beauty of form
introduced in many of his pictures. We remember a picture, the most
impressive picture perhaps ever painted, and that by a modern too,
Danby's "Opening of the Sixth Seal." Now, though there are fine parts
in this picture, the real power of the picture is in its colour--it
is awful. We are no enemy to modern painters; we think this a work of
the highest genius--and as such, should be most proud to see it
deposited in our National Gallery. We further say, that in some
respects it carries the art beyond the old practice. But, then, we
may say it is a new subject. "It is not certain whether any two
people see the same colours in things." Though that does not affect
the question of the importance of colour, for it must imply a defect
in the individuals, for undoubtedly there is such a thing as nature's
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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