This subject has been so well handled by Sir F. Kelly in his late
admirable speech at Harwich, that we cannot resist the temptation of
giving it publicity in a more durable form than a daily journal.
“Now let us see what is the quantity of wheat which is produced and
sold in this country. In 1844, it was 5,456,307 quarters; in 1845,
6,666,240 quarters; and in 1846, 5,958,962 quarters. You will
therefore see that the fair average of that production, taking the
three years, was about 6,000,000 quarters of wheat produced by the
farmers and cultivators of the soil in England. Now, let us see the
years that succeeded 1849, for the returns pass over the intermediate
years, before the repeal of the corn laws had a fair trial, during
which there was only a gradual reduction of duty. In 1849 the Act of
Parliament had complete effect. The production of wheat in 1849 was
4,453,983 quarters; in 1850, 4,688,274 quarters; and in 1851,
4,487,041 quarters. Now, taking the fair average, and speaking in
round numbers, that would be a production in England of about
4,500,000 quarters of wheat per annum since the repeal of the corn
laws. Then what is the difference?—that in the three years before the
repeal of the corn laws the British farmers and cultivators of the
soil produced and made a profit on 6,000,000 quarters of wheat, while
in the three years succeeding, that important class of the people had
fallen off in their production to 4,500,000 quarters. Here was a
diminution of wheat in the country of 1,500,000 qrs. per annum. I
shall not weary you by going into details figure by figure as to the
diminution which has taken place in Scotland and Ireland, but I pledge
myself that on these returns it will be found that the diminution is
still greater in Ireland, though in Scotland it is somewhat less in
proportion. The result of the whole is, that 4,500,000 quarters of
wheat less was produced in England, Scotland, and Ireland during the
three years after Free Trade had a fair trial, than in the three years
before the passing of the act. I do not wish to trouble you further
with these very painful details, but I will detain you a single moment
while I refer to a return with regard to oats. In the years 1845 and
1846, there were about 2,000,000 quarters of oats produced in each
year in this country. In the years 1850 and 1851, the production of
oats in the country was under 1,000,000 quarters; so that while you
find the falling off in the production of wheat in the country amounts
to a quarter of the whole quantity, the production of oats is reduced
from 2,000,000 to less than 1,000,000 quarters; and this, gentlemen,
is the system of Free Trade which some of my friends among the
electors say has been so highly beneficial to the people of this
country.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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