Nowhere is the rebuke of M. Girardin of certain of his contemporaries,
more dignified, or more justly merited, than where, discoursing on the
manner in which the moderns have delineated paternal love, he reproves
that exaggeration and falsification which has represented the father
describing the affection he bears to his daughter in a style of language
devoted to another species of love. Nothing can be more odious and
offensive than to transgress, even in language, the bounds between the
two affections, and to put into the mouth of a parent, as Victor Hugo
and Balzac have done, a style appropriate to the lover speaking of his
mistress. But we will not quote these passages from M. Girardin, because
they will require long quotations in order to justify the censure
contained in them. At the close of the lecture upon paternal love, we
find the following general remarks on the composition of a modern French
drama; and the slightest acquaintance with this drama will enable the
reader to appreciate their justice and analytic accuracy:--
Formerly a dramatic character was an assemblage of
qualities good and bad, which, on the one hand, were in
conflict amongst themselves, and, on the other, were
subjected to some superior law of religion, of honour, or of
patriotism. This twofold struggle constituted the interest
of the person brought upon the scene, and this superior law,
which he strove to accomplish, constituted the morality of
his character. According to the incidents of the piece, each
passion might take the ascendant, none being represented as
irresistible; and the moral law which predominated over the
drama, did not prevent this play of the passions--it being
visibly suspended during the whole piece over the heads of
the personages, and receiving its fulfilment only at the
close. In the present day dramatic characters are composed
differently. Instead of representing the whole of the
character, and the struggle between its good and evil
passions, one only passion is selected, which is made
violent, irresistible, fatal, the absolute mistress of all
the others; that is to say, a part is taken instead of the
whole. At the same time the moral law which, in the ancient
drama, (_i.e._ the drama of Racine and Corneille,) sustained
also a struggle against the passions--this law which those
even avowed who transgressed it, which had always its place
in the piece, whether through virtue or remorse--this law
also disappears before the ascendency of the sovereign
passion. No counterpoise of any kind, whether on the side of
rival passions or on the side of duty. What remains, then,
to struggle against this arbitrary passion? Nothing but
chance--circumstance--the hazard of events. And thus it is
that, in the modern drama, the interest resides rather in
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