You know perhaps, masculine reader, better than I can tell you, what is a _Palimpsest_. Possibly you have one in your own library. But yet, for the sake of others who may _not_ know, or may have forgotten, suffer me to explain it here: lest any female reader, who honours these papers with her notice, should tax me with explaining it once too seldom; which would be worse to bear than a simultaneous complaint from twelve proud men, that I had explained it three times too often. You therefore, fair reader, understand that for _your_ accommodation exclusively, I explain the meaning of this word. It is Greek; and our sex enjoys the office and privilege of standing counsel to yours, in all questions of Greek. We are, under favour, perpetual and hereditary dragomans to you. So that if, by accident, you know the meaning of a Greek word, yet by courtesy to us, your counsel learned in that matter, you will always seem _not_ to know it. A palimpsest, then, is a membrane or roll cleansed of its manuscript by reiterated successions. What was the reason that the Greeks and the Romans had not the advantage of printed books? The answer will be, on ninety-nine persons in a hundred--Because the mystery of printing was not then discovered. But this is altogether a mistake. The secret of printing must have been discovered many thousands of times before it was used, or _could_ be used. The inventive powers of man are divine; and also his stupidity is divine--as Cowper so playfully illustrates in the slow development of the _sofa_ through successive generations of immortal dulness. It took centuries of blockheads to raise a joint stool into a chair; and it required something like a miracle of genius, in the estimate of elder generations, to reveal the possibility of lengthening a chair into a _chaise-longue_, or a sofa. Yes, these were inventions that cost mighty throes of intellectual power. But still, as respects printing, and admirable as is the stupidity of man, it was really not quite equal to the task of evading an object which stared him in the face with so broad a gaze. It did not require an Athenian intellect to read the main secret of printing in many scores of processes which the ordinary uses of life were _daily_ repeating. To say nothing of analogous artifices amongst various mechanic artisans, all that is essential in printing must have been known to every nation that struck coins and medals. Not, therefore, any want of a printing art--that is, of an art for multiplying impressions--but the want of a cheap material for _receiving_ such impressions, was the obstacle to an introduction of printed books even as early as Pisistratus. The ancients _did_ apply printing to records of silver and gold; to marble and many other substances cheaper than gold and silver, they did _not_, since each monument required a _separate_ effort of inscription. Simply this defect it was of a cheap material for