But what would the Papal assumptions be, if uttered by any other sovereign? Let us suppose that Austria ventured to send a dozen of her monks here to carve the land into dioceses. What would be the universal exclamation, but that Austria was _mad_; and that the first monk who made the attempt should find his only diocese within the walls of Newgate. What if France declared England a _province_? Can we doubt that our answer would be a declaration of war? And is a beggarly Italian--a fugitive from his own territory, a priest flying for his life in the livery of a footman--to offer this insult with impunity? But if we are told that Pius IX. is a different personage from his predecessors, a _Liberal_, a man of the new school--tempted, by misrepresentations from his emissary monks here, to make a usurpation against his nature--let us hear the pamphlet:-- "Let us go to the fountain-head. Pope Pius IX., who, on his elevation to the supreme Episcopate, addressed an elaborate Encyclical Letter to 'all patriarchs, primates, archbishops, and bishops,' dated 9th of November 1846, and which, to the eyes of any person in whom exists a single spark of true protestant Christianity, appears surcharged with blasphemous presumption, falsehood, and bigotry." In this document, the Pope solemnly and formally asserts his _claim_ to be the Vicar of Christ on earth! declares that God has constituted the Pope a _living authority_ to teach the true sense of his Heavenly revelations, and to judge _infallibly_ (infallibili judicia) in all controversies on faith and morals, and that "_out of the Catholic Church there is no salvation_;" and he bitterly denounces our "most crafty Bible societies," (a denunciation simply against the Bible itself, for there are no _notes_ of any kind in the Bibles thus published.) In this letter, "the Pope will be found, in the year 1846, to use the essential terms of the Florentine Canon, which has been in force for four hundred and eleven years, and under whose sanction, consequently, have been perpetrated, by the Papal authority, all the enormous crimes and offences which history records against it during that long period."