“Blood relations,” transfusion in relation to, 84, 92, 95 Blood serum, agglutination test of, 101 preservation of, 101, 102 stock, 101 collection of, 102 Blood volume, changes in, in hæmorrhage and shock, 24, 25, 27 diminution in shock, 27, 32 estimation of, 22 imperfect oxygenation due to, 36 life dependent on, 24, 25 Blundell, James, his “impellor,” 10, 11 transfusion by (in 1818), 10, 11 Body, total quantity of blood in the, 22 Breathing, difficult, during transfusion, 78 Burns, transfusion for shock due to, 136 Calcium, action of, 120 in the blood, forms in which present, 120 precipitation of, 119 Cancer, transfusion for, 9, 18 Cannula, for direct transfusion, 110 for indirect transfusion, 130 Capillary circulation, condition during shock, 39 stagnation of, following hæmorrhage and shock, 27, 29 Carbon monoxide poisoning, 64 condition of the blood in, 64 transfusion treatment of, 64, 65 Children, transfusion of, technique, 134 _see also_ Infants Chloroform, shock accentuated by administration of, 31 Chlorosis, 50 Circulation, blood volume necessary to maintain balance of, 24, 25 capillary and venous, comparison during shock, 39 condition during shock and hæmorrhage, 27, 28, 29, 39 stagnation of, 28 _see also_ Blood Citrate reactions, 122, 123 Citrated blood, 16, 121, 124 administration of, methods, 129-134 keeping and care of, 128, 129 reaction following use of, 122, 123 transfusion of, 121, 124 first recorded case of, 16 in pernicious anæmia, 51, 56 _see also_ Sodium citrate Clotting, _see_ Coagulation Coagulation, deficient, following hæmorrhage, 41 difficulties connected with, in early experiments, 11, 12 effect of transfusion on, 42 Coagulation, mechanism of production of, 119 outside the body, 118, 119 prevention of, 114, 120 Clotting, prevention of, by sodium citrate, 119, 120 prevention of, during transfusion, 109, 110, 112 transfusion simplified by prevention of, 119 Coagulation time, anaphylactic shock influencing, 45 effect of transfusion on, 46, 47 hæmorrhage in relation to, 44, 45 in jaundice, 44 prolongation of, 44 Coal-gas poisoning, transfusion treatment of, 64 Coga, Arthur, 8 Cold, predisposing to shock, 29, 30 Cox, Thomas, transfusion experiments by, 3 Crile, improvement in technique of transfusion by, 15 method of direct transfusion, 109 Curtis and David, improvements in technique of transfusion by, 16 Daniel, of Leipsic, 3 Darwin, Erasmus, 9 Death, loss of blood causing, 24 Denys, John, first human transfusion performed by, 3, 5, 6 Diabetes mellitus, transfusion in, 66 Diphtheria, 60 acute toxæmia in, 60 experimental transfusion in, 60, 61