Bodily changes in pain, hunger, fear, and rage : $b an account of recent researches into the function of emotional excitementCannon, Walter B. (Walter Bradford)
Science
Bodily changes in pain, hunger, fear, and rage : $b an account of recent researches into the function of emotional excitement
Cannon, Walter B. (Walter Bradford)
Emotions; Mental health; Mind and body
1. “Hunger increases as time passes”--a partial statement. The
development of hunger as time passes is a common observation which
quite accords with the assumption that the condition of the body
and the state of the blood are becoming constantly worse, so long
as the need, once established, is not satisfied.
While it is true that with the lapse of time hunger increases as the
supply of body nutriment decreases, this concomitance is not proof
that the sensation arises directly from a serious encroachment on the
store of food materials. If this argument were valid we should expect
hunger to become more and more distressing until death follows from
starvation. There is abundant evidence that the sensation is not thus
intensified; on the contrary, during continued fasting hunger, at
least in some persons, wholly disappears after the first few days.
Luciani,[176] who carefully recorded the experience of the faster
Succi, states that after a certain time the hunger feelings vanish
and do not return. And he tells of two dogs that showed no signs of
hunger after the third or fourth day of fasting; thereafter they
remained quite passive in the presence of food. Tigerstedt,[177]
who also has studied the metabolism of starvation, declares that
although the desire to eat is very great during the first day of
the ordeal, the unpleasant sensations disappear early, and that at
the end of the fast the subject may have to force himself to take
nourishment. The subject, “J. A.,” studied by Tigerstedt and his
co-workers,[178] reported that after the fourth day of fasting, he
had no disagreeable feelings.
Carrington,[179] after examining many persons who, to better their
health, abstained from eating for different periods, records
that “habit-hunger” usually lasts only two or three days and, if
plenty of water is drunk, does not last longer than three days.
Viterbi,[180] a Corsican lawyer condemned to death for political
causes, determined to escape execution by depriving his body of
food and drink. During the eighteen days that he lived he kept
careful notes. On the third day the sensation of hunger departed,
and although thereafter thirst came and went, hunger never returned.
Still further evidence of the same character could be cited, but
enough has already been given to show that after the first few days
of fasting the hunger feelings may wholly cease. On the theory that
hunger is a manifestation of bodily need, are we to suppose that,
in the course of starvation, the body is mysteriously not in need
after the third day, and that therefore the sensation of hunger
disappears? The absurdity of such a view is obvious.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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