_Continental Range_—From Brattleboro and Bellows Falls, Vermont, to New Jersey, Alabama, and Florida; westward to Ohio, Michigan, and Indiana. Rare in sandy woods. There are but two known species reported for the world, the following, and another, native of Asia, in the Himalayan region. The American species is slightly distinguished from the Asiatic form by the blunt tip of its labellum. North American species north of Mexico 1 New England species 1 Hoosac Valley species 0 New England species: 1. _T. unifolia_ (Muhlenberg) B. S. P., 1813-1888. 1.—TIPULARIA UNIFOLIA (Muhlenberg) B. S. P., 1813-1888[90] (_Tipularia discolor_, Nuttall, 1818) CRANE-FLY ORCHIS The specific name, _unifolia_, refers to the 1 leaf produced by this orchid. Alert, small moist sandy woodland or rocky hillside orchid, with solid irregular bulb or corm-like roots. Late July-August-October. =Flowers= green, tinged with purple, ⅓-¼ inch long, in a loose raceme, 5-10 inches long; pedicels filiform, bractless. =Labellum= 3-lobed, central lobe narrow, prolonged, dilated at apex, side-lobes short and triangular. =Spur= straight, slender, twice as long as sepals and petals, giving an insectean poise to the dull flowers. =Sepals= and =petals= narrow. =Stem= 15-20 inches high. =Leaf= 1, basal, reddish-purple, strongly veined; arising from solid bulb, about September 14th, hyemal. =Seed-capsule= ½ inch long, 6-ribbed. _Continental Range_—From southern Vermont, New Hampshire, southward to Florida and Alabama; westward to Michigan and Indiana. More abundant South. Nowhere common. _New England Range_—Vermont, rare; Massachusetts, rare. XIV Limodorum Linnæus, 1753 (_Calopogon_ R. Brown, 1813) GRASS-PINK—MEADOW-GIFT The generic name, _Limodorum_, comes from the Greek, signifying a meadow-gift. Scapose orchids with solid bulbous roots. =Anther= 1. =Labellum=, hinged, arching above, and spreading; raised on a narrow stalk, dilated at the apex, bearded on the upper side with long club-shaped hairs. =Sepals= and =petals= nearly alike, separate and spreading. =Flowers= fragrant, pink-purple, 3-15 in a loose terminal raceme, seed-capsule (ovary) straight. =Anther= terminal, operculate, and sessile. =Pollinia= 2, 1 in each anther-sac, loosely granular. =Stem= or =scape= straight, not twisting as usual in other orchids, 1-1½ foot high. =Leaf= 1, grass-like blade, appearing first season, and followed next year by scape of flowers. =Seed-capsule= erect, oblong, and straight. _Continental Range_—From Newfoundland, Canada, southward to Florida; westward to Minnesota and Arkansas. There are 4 species of this beautiful genus endemic only to the Atlantic region. A peculiar character of this genus lies in the ovary and stem being straight, causing thereby the labellum to arch above instead of drooping below the organs of fertilization, as instanced in _Orchis_ and _Cypripedium_. Seedlings appear numerous in many swamps.