Books and their makers during the Middle Ages : $b A study of the conditions of the production and distribution of literature from the fall of the Roman Empire to the close of the seventeenth century, Vol. IPutnam, George Haven
History
Books and their makers during the Middle Ages : $b A study of the conditions of the production and distribution of literature from the fall of the Roman Empire to the close of the seventeenth century, Vol. I
Putnam, George Haven
Books -- History -- 400-1450; Copyright; Freedom of the press -- History -- To 1500; Manuscripts; Printers
Gutenberg’s name stands on no title-page and is connected with no
colophon. The fact, however, that the full responsibility for the
invention belongs to him is borne witness to by his contemporaries,
Peter Schöffer, Ulrich Zell, the Abbot Trithemius, Jacob Wimpheling,
and others. In a chronicle of the archbishop of Mayence, continued to
the year 1555 and compiled by Count Wilhelm von Zimmern, it is recorded
that the noble art of book-printing was discovered in Mayence by a
worthy citizen named Gutenberg, who devoted to the invention all his
time and resources until he had brought it to a successful completion.
In 1470, a letter was written by the scholar, Wilhelm Fichet, of Paris,
to the historian, Robert Gaguin, which letter was later printed on
the last sheet of a volume published in Paris and in Basel, entitled:
_Gasparini Pergamensis Orthographiæ Liber_. This letter contains an
enthusiastic description of the new art of book-printing discovered in
Germany by Gutenberg. The writer says: “There has been discovered in
Germany a wonderful new method for the production of books, and those
who have mastered this method are taking their invention from Mayence
out into the world somewhat as the old Grecian warriors took their
weapons from the belly of the Trojan horse. The light of this wonderful
discovery will spread from Germany to all parts of the earth. I have
been told by three foreigners--Kranz, Freiburger, and Gering--that
Gutenberg has succeeded in producing books by means of metal letters in
place of using the handiwork of the scribes.”
Fichet goes on to speak of Gutenberg as “bringing more blessings
upon the world than were given by the goddess Ceres, for Ceres could
bestow only material food, while through Gutenberg the productions of
the thinkers could be brought within the reach of all people.” This
letter was written only two years after the death of Gutenberg, and
as it came from Basel, one of the first cities to which the new art
had been carried from Mayence, it constitutes very good contemporary
evidence as to the immediate credit that was given to Gutenberg for the
invention.[428]
The historical date now given for the completion of the invention is
August 22, 1450. On this date Gutenberg entered into a contract with
Johann Fust, a wealthy citizen and goldsmith of Mayence, under which
contract Fust loaned to Gutenberg, with interest at 6 per cent. (a
low rate for that period), the sum of 800 gulden in gold. This sum
Gutenberg agreed to utilise in developing his invention, while the
material of the workshop to be instituted was pledged to Fust as
security for the repayment of the loan. The sum proved insufficient
for establishing the necessary plant, and two years later Fust added a
further sum of 800 gulden.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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