Books and their makers during the Middle Ages : $b A study of the conditions of the production and distribution of literature from the fall of the Roman Empire to the close of the seventeenth century, Vol. IPutnam, George Haven
History
Books and their makers during the Middle Ages : $b A study of the conditions of the production and distribution of literature from the fall of the Roman Empire to the close of the seventeenth century, Vol. I
Putnam, George Haven
Books -- History -- 400-1450; Copyright; Freedom of the press -- History -- To 1500; Manuscripts; Printers
The shrewd and enterprising merchant Fust, by means of whose capital
Gutenberg had been able to begin his business operations, would
hardly have pressed his suit against his associate, if he had not had
confidence in the value of the invention. As soon as, through the
decision of 1455, he came into possession of the presses, he at once
put these again into operation. He found a practical superintendent
or co-worker in Peter Schöffer. Schöffer was a German by birth, but
had carried on work in Paris as a scribe or writer of higher class
manuscripts, as illuminator, and as a manuscript-dealer. Returning to
Mayence in 1454, he had entered the employ of Gutenberg as type-setter
and proof-reader. Later, having married the daughter of Fust, he was
taken into partnership by his father-in-law, and was able to make a
satisfactory organisation and a wide development for the business of
the printing-office. The first publication issued by Fust & Schöffer
was a psalter printed (in Latin) on parchment, with the great missal
type.
The second work, undertaken, not at the risk of the printers, but at
the cost of two of the Mayence monasteries, was an edition of a great
choir-book. This psalter, or rather _psalterium_, is the first printed
work in which the name of the printer is given and the date of the
publication. It apparently proved possible to secure for this book even
with the very inadequate distributing machinery that was available, a
remunerative sale, as it was printed again in 1490, in 1502, in 1515,
and in 1516.
Among the earlier publications of Fust & Schöffer are the _Rationale
Divinorum Officiorum_ of the Dominican monk Durandus, which was issued
in 1459, the _Codex Constitutionum_ of Pope Clement, issued in 1460,
and the _Bull_ of Emperor Frederic III. against Diether von Isenburg,
printed in 1461. The most beautiful and most important production of
their press was, however, the great Latin Bible issued in 1462, in two
folio volumes, and which is known as the “48 line Bible.”
The work of the printing-office was, as previously stated, stopped by
the sacking of the city, and the two partners appear to have migrated
for the time to Frankfort. In 1464, they were again in Mayence, and
in that year they published the sixth book of the _Decretals_ of Pope
Boniface VIII., and the _De Officiis_ of Cicero. The latter was the
first of the German editions of the classics, and remained a favourite
book with the German printers, being repeatedly reprinted.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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