Books and their makers during the Middle Ages : $b A study of the conditions of the production and distribution of literature from the fall of the Roman empire to the close of the seventeenth century, Vol. IIPutnam, George Haven
History
Books and their makers during the Middle Ages : $b A study of the conditions of the production and distribution of literature from the fall of the Roman empire to the close of the seventeenth century, Vol. II
Putnam, George Haven
Books -- History -- 400-1450; Copyright; Freedom of the press -- History -- To 1500; Manuscripts; Printers
The third kind of censorship concerned itself with the morals of
literature, political morality, the attitude of the writer or of the
publisher towards the State or rather towards government, and private
morality, having to do with the influence of the book upon decency and
_bonos mores_. The Government of Venice was peculiarly sensitive in
regard to any criticism, direct or indirect, of its public documents.
In 1515, the Council of Ten granted permission to Marino Sanuto,
who was engaged in the preparation of a history of the operations of
Charles VIII. in Italy, to examine the State Papers of more than two
years back, on the condition that the work should, when completed, be
submitted for the approval of the Council, before any one else should
have seen it. Later in the same year, an _imprimatur_ was granted to
Andrea Mocenigo for his history of the League of Cambrai, the work
having been examined and approved by the Grand Chancellor, who had the
special custody of the State Papers.
The political censorship was apparently more effective than the
censorship of morals. It was certainly the case that the _imprimatur_
was given to not a few books of a scandalous character.
In 1527, Alvise Cynthio (or Fabritii) published a work on _The Origin
of Vulgar Proverbs_. He had secured from the Senate a copyright for ten
years, which prohibited any one from reprinting the collection unless
he should add to the material as many new proverbs as were contained
in the original. Cynthio took occasion to say in one of his editorial
paragraphs that he intended to show the true character of those who
pretended to follow the rule of S. Francis. The Franciscans naturally
found objections to the book, and registered a complaint against it on
the ground of heresy and indecency.
The Council of Ten issued in January, 1526-1527 a general order,
reciting that, owing to the freedom which everyone enjoys in Venice,
it sometimes happens that obscene and corrupt works issue from the
Press. It is, therefore, decreed that for future publications, the
_imprimatur_ of the Council of Ten shall be required, and that before
this is given, the work must have been examined by two censors, who
shall make a sworn report that its character is satisfactory. This
order is of importance as being the first official recognition of the
necessity of a moral censorship.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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