Mules, cars cut off to obtain blood for drinking, 257; on the Santa Fé Trail, 258; detect approach of natives, 260 Mush, 79 Muskbogs, 27 N Nachitoches, 182 Napoleon plans for Louisiana, 152; sells it, 152 Narrow Canyon, 324 Narvaez, Panfilo de, 2, 103, 104 Natchezan stock, location of, 67 National Yellowstone Park, 8 Nauvoo, Illinois, Mormon town of, 305 Navajo, tribe, where classed, 61, 66; Puebloan mixture with, 66; house, 93 Navigation on Colorado, Johnson first to reach head of, 317 Nephi, Mormon town, 309 Nevada, first trapper to traverse, 269 New Archangel, or Sitka, 215 New Jerusalem of the Mormons, 305 New Mexico, trapping in, 253; gold mines of, 267; ceded to the United States, 300 New Orleans, a port of deposit for the United States, 152; privilege revoked by Spain, 152 Nez Perces, one hung by Clark, 243; friendly to Bonneville, 274 Nidiver, shoots two natives on suspicion, 278 Night attacks seldom made, 72 Nixon, O. W., his book cited, 289 Niza. _See_ Marcos of Niza. Nonsense, Fort, 272 North America divided between three Powers, 141 Northern Mystery, 104, 108 North Platte, Browne killed near, 330 North-west Company, formed, 146; acquires Astoria, 218; active, 221; fights the Hudson Bay Company, 240; merged into Hudson Bay Company, 240 North-west Passage disproved, 147 Nova Scotia, Acadia, 130 Nueces River, considered by Mexico the boundary of Texas, 298; General Taylor ordered to occupy territory west of, 300 Nuttall, Thomas, 204, 206; leaves Hunt party, 207; with Wyeth, 283 O Oatman, massacre, 309; girl rescued by Henry Grinnell, 310 Ogden, Peter Skeen, meets Ashley, 240 Ogden, River, 227 Oldest town in the United States, 116 Old Jacob, 313 Old Spanish Trail, route of, 270, 309 Oñate, Juan de, reaches New Mexico, 116; crosses New Mexico and Arizona _via_ Zuñi, 116; first settlement, 116; goes eastward on the Plains, 117; goes to the mouth of the Colorado, 117 _Ontario_, United States ship of war, at Astoria, 219 Ordway brings down boats, 172 Oregon, region, 8; first mention of river, 140; river, 151; agreement between United States and Great Britain as to temporary joint occupation of, 219; left free to British and Americans for ten years, 219; rights of Spain in, ceded to the United States, 220; United States claims to, 221; agreement renewed for a second term of ten years, 253; Saviour of, 289; not free to Americans, 289; boundary settled, 290