British Bees: An Introduction into the Studies of the Natural History and Economy of the Bees Indigenous to the British IslesShuckard, William Edward
Science
British Bees: An Introduction into the Studies of the Natural History and Economy of the Bees Indigenous to the British Isles
Shuckard, William Edward
Bees; Hymenoptera -- Great Britain
As everything connected with so strange a creature is very attractive, I
will cite what other observers also have seen. Mr. Dale, from whom
Curtis received _Elenchus_ to figure in his ‘British Entomology,’ vol.
v. pl. 226, says: “These parasites look milk-white on the wing, with a
jet-black body, and are totally unlike anything else. It flew with an
undulating or vacillating motion amongst the young shoots of a quickset
hedge, and I could not catch it until it settled upon one, when it ran
up and down, its wings in motion, and making a considerable buzz or hum,
as loud as a _Sesia_; it twisted about its rather long tail, and turned
it up like a _Staphylinus_. I put it under a glass and placed it in the
sun; it became quite furious in its confinement, and never ceased
running about for two hours. The elytra or processes were kept in quick
vibration, as well as the wings; it buzzed against the sides of the
glass with its head touching it, and tumbling about on its back. By
putting two bees (_Andrena labialis_) under a glass in the sun, two
_Stylops_ were produced: the bees seemed uneasy, and went up towards
them, but evidently with caution, as if to fight; and moving their
antennæ towards them, retreated. I once thought the bee attempted to
seize it; but the oddest thing was to see the _Stylops_ get on the body
of the bee and ride about, the latter using every effort to throw his
rider.
“As the _Stylops_ emerges from the body of the bee, the latter seems to
suffer from much irritating excitement.”
Mr. Thwaites writes to me, on the 12th May, thus: “I had the good
fortune to capture a _Stylops_ flying, and on the Tuesday following saw
at least twenty flying about in the garden, but so high from the ground
that I could capture only about half-a-dozen; since that time they have
become gradually more scarce.
“The little animals are exceedingly graceful in their flight, taking
long sweeps as if carried along by a gentle breeze, and occasionally
hovering at a few inches distance from the ground. Their expanse of wing
and mode of flight give them a very different appearance to any other
insect on the wing. When captured they are exceedingly active, running
up and down the sides of the bottle in which they are confined, moving
their wings and antennæ very rapidly. Their term of life seems to be
very short, none of those I have captured living beyond five hours, and
one I extracted from a bee in the afternoon was dead the next morning.
“All the bees stylopized, both male and female, I have taken, have
manifested it by having underneath the fourth (invariably) upper segment
of the abdomen a protuberance which is scale-like when the _Stylops_ is
in the larva state; but which is much larger and more rounded when the
_Stylops_ is ready to emerge. A bee gives nourishment generally to but
one _Stylops_; but I have occasionally found two, and once three larvæ
in one bee.”
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