British Campaigns in Flanders 1690-1794: Being Extracts from "A History of the British Army"Fortescue, J. W. (John William), Sir
History
British Campaigns in Flanders 1690-1794: Being Extracts from "A History of the British Army"
Fortescue, J. W. (John William), Sir
Flanders -- History, Military; Great Britain -- History, Military -- 18th century
Once again, despite the endless length to which the war was dragging
on, the establishment of the British forces remained virtually
unaugmented for the year 1745. The troops allotted for service in
Flanders were indeed raised to a strength of twenty-five thousand men,
but this was effected only by reducing the garrison of Great
Britain to fifteen thousand, which, as events were to prove before the
year’s end, created a situation of perilous weakness. Moreover, the
past campaign had revealed a failing in one of the confederated powers
which was hardly less serious than the impecuniosity and selfishness
of Austria. The Dutch army, which under Marlborough had done such
brilliant service, was become hopelessly inefficient. The competition
of rival demagogues for popular favour had reduced it to such weakness
in numbers, that it hardly sufficed to find efficient garrisons for the
fortified towns. Concurrently its discipline had suffered; and General
Ligonier had already complained that the Dutch troops which served
with the Allies in 1744 were intolerably insubordinate and disorderly,
setting a bad example to the whole army.[76] In February 1745 Ligonier
again brought the matter to the notice of the English Government. The
Dutch, he said, would probably keep all their men in garrison, and, if
the Allies were so weak that they could only find garrisons for the
fortresses on the frontier, the French would be free to go where they
pleased. It would be far better, therefore, to make a great effort,
collect a hundred thousand men, take the offensive, and end the war
in a single campaign. Ten thousand men would be required to guard the
line of the Bruges Canal, and the remainder should besiege Maubeuge
and Landrecies and enter France by the line of the Sambre, making the
Meuse the main line of communication, as open alike to the passage
of reinforcements from England, from Holland, and from Germany.[77]
Such counsel was not likely to find acceptance with the men who had
mismanaged the war so far. One important change, however, was made by
the appointment of the Duke of Cumberland to be Commander-in-Chief in
Flanders, and also in Great Britain.[78] The Duke at the time of this
promotion still wanted a month to complete his twenty-fifth year, but
he had from his boyhood been an enthusiastic soldier, he had studied
his profession, he had shown bravery at Dettingen, and, young though
he might be, he was older than Condé had been when he first gained
military fame. Finally, it was an immense advantage that a Prince of
a reigning family should preside over so motley an army as that of
the Allies, since there would be the less disposition to cavil at his
authority.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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