Scottish Castles, Periods of, 176-181 Second Period, 177 Third Period, 179 Fourth Period, 180 Shell Keep, 64 configuration of, 66 position of, 65 Shirburn Castle, description of, 158 Shoulsbury, Exmoor, 22 Siege and defence of a medieval castle, 188 Sigismund, Emperor, 144 Silchester, 34, 37 Simple artificial enclosures, 5, 33 Smith, Sir Richard, 144 "Snail," 197 Solar, 180 Somerset, family of, 164 Sir Charles, 142 South Cadbury, Sherborne, 15 Sow, 81, 197 Spurgardon, 196 Spurious castles, 90 Stafford, Edward, 162 family of, 169 Humphrey, Earl of, 162 Lord, 198 Stockades, 18, 19 construction of, 19, 20, 21 Gallic, 19 on earthworks, 18 Stone Age, 7, 189 circles, 8 Stokesay Castle, description of, 171 Stirling Castle, 176, 183 description of, 184 Palace of, 185 Parliament Hall, 184 siege of, 195 Strongbow, Richard, 142 Sudley Castle, 172 Swegen the Sheriff, 49 Sydney, Sir Philip, 169 William, 169 Syracuse, attack on, 190 Syrens, 152 Tamworth Castle, Marmion, Robert le, 57 Tantallon Castle, 179 description of, 186 Keep of, 186 sieges of, 187 Tattershall Castle, crypt of, 167 description of, 167 Taunton burh, 41 Terebra, 197 Thetford Castle, Norfolk, 52 Thomas, Sir William ap, 163 Thurnham Castle, Kent, 53 Tickhill Castle, 148 Busli, Roger de, 57 Todenei, Robert, Belvoir Castle, 57 _Tormentum_, 192 Torsion and tension engines, 193 Torwoodlee Broch, 175 Totnes Castle, 65 Towcester, 42 Tower of London, St. John's Chapel, 85, 136 description of, 133 Keep of, 136 Traitors' Gate, 135 Trebuchets, 81, 86, 97, 152, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 200 projectiles of, 194, 195, 196 Treryn Castle, 8 Tretower Castle, 133 Trevalgue Head, 7 Tutbury Castle, 148 Ferrers, Henry de, 57 Tyler, Wat, 98 Uzziah, 190 Valence, Aymer de, 181 Vaulting Ribs, 92 Verdun, family of, 172 Vere, de, family of, 84 Verulamium, St. Albans, 34 Vescy, Ivo de, 68 Vitrified forts, 173, 174 Waldegrave, Sir Edward, 161 Waldo, Sir T., 161 Wales, Rhys of, 131 Wallace, Sir William, 186 Waller, Sir William, 71, 158 Wallingford, 39 Castle, 109 Walls, medieval, construction of, 78 Warkworth Castle, 109 Warwick Castle, 66, 148, 151 "War-Wolf," 196 Watling Street, 35 West Malling, 134 West Saxons, Harold, Earl of, 49 "Whelk," 197 Whelpley Hill, Bucks, 32 Whitton Castle, Durham, 172 Winchester, Statute of, 149 Windsor Castle, 53, 65 Barbican of, 61 description of, 60 Motte of, 61 St. George's Chapel, 62 Shell Keep of, 62 Wingfield Manor-House, 168, 172 Wollaston Castle, Northants, 52 Wren, Sir Christopher, 136 Wressle Castle, 159 Wyatt, the architect, 166 Wyndham, Sir William, 70 Yarnbury, Wilts, 32 Yester, Hays of, 182