British Manufacturing Industries: Pottery, Glass and Silicates, Furniture and Woodwork.Arnoux, Léon
History
British Manufacturing Industries: Pottery, Glass and Silicates, Furniture and Woodwork.
Arnoux, Léon
Manufacturing industries -- Great Britain
Sheet glass, formerly called broad glass, was originally made on the
Continent; but its manufacture, first established in this country by
the introduction of foreign workmen, has extended to very large
dimensions, and the quality of English sheet is now quite equal, if
not superior, to anything that is produced abroad. The advantage which
it possesses over crown glass is, that much larger sheets can be made,
and this is very easily noticed if we examine the larger dimensions of
common window panes compared with those which were formerly made. Even
now the workmen employed in this class of manufacture are generally
Belgians. A sheet glass blower must be very strong, and have great
skill in handling his blowpipe, for the cylinders which he blows are
frequently sixty inches long, and their weight is very considerable.
Glass shades are blown by sheet blowers. These sometimes are very
large, and require great skill. When their shape is to be that of a
cylinder with a dome top, they are made as in the ordinary course of
blowing a cylinder of sheet glass, but instead of one end being burst
as described, they are simply detached from the blowpipe. When they
have to be oval or square at their bases, they are blown into wooden
moulds of the required form, which have their insides charred. The
gathered mass of glass is placed inside such a mould, and is then
blown into until it touches the sides. This is an operation requiring
great strength and delicacy; strength to blow with sufficient force to
bring the softened glass to touch the mould in all its parts, and
delicacy to prevent the pressure from being so great as to cause the
outside of the glass shade to receive marks on its surface from the
mould.
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