[FIG. 82.--Mechanical problem of pin, needle, tack or nail with embedded point. If the forceps are pulled upon the pin point will be buried still deeper. The side curved forceps grasp the pin as near the point as possible then with a corkscrew motion the pin is pushed downward and rotated to the right when the pin will be found to be parallel with the shaft of the forceps and can be drawn into the tube. If the pin is prevented by its head from being pushed downward the point may be extracted by the hook as shown above The side curved forceps may be used instead of the hook for freeing the point, the author's "inward rotation" method. The very best instrument for the purpose is the forceps devised by my assistant, Dr. Gabriel Tucker (Fig. 21). The lips prevent all risk of losing the pin from the grasp, and at the same time bring the long axis of the pin parallel to that of the bronchoscope.] Pins are very prone to drop into the smaller bronchi and disappear completely from the ordinary field of endoscopic exploration. At other times, pins not dropping so deeply may show the point only during expiration or cough, at which times the bronchi are shortened. In such instances the invaded bronchial orifice should be clearly exposed as near the axis of its lumen as possible; the forceps are now inserted, opened, and the next emergence watched for, the point being grasped as soon as seen. _Extraction of Tacks, Nails and Large Headed Foreign Bodies from the Tracheobronchial Tree_.--In cases of this sort the point presents the same difficulty and requires solution in the same manner as mentioned in the preceding paragraphs on the extraction of pins. The author's inward-rotation method when executed with the Tucker forceps is ideal. The large head, however, presents a special problem because of its tendency to act as a mushroom anchor when buried in swollen mucosa or in a fibrous stenosis (Fig. 83). The extraction problems of tacks are illustrated in Figs. 84, 85, and 86. Nails, stick pins, and various tacks are dealt with in the same manner by the author's "inward rotation" method. _Hollow metallic bodies_ presenting an opening toward the observer may be removed with a grooved expansile forceps as shown in Figs 23 and 25, or its edge may be grasped by the regular side-grasping forceps. The latter hold is apt to be very dangerous because of the trauma inflicted by the catching of the free edge opposite the forceps; but with care it is the best method. Should the closed end be uppermost, however, it may be necessary to insert a hook beyond the object, and to coax it upward to a point where it may be turned for grasping and removal with forceps.