From this examination, which we have made with strict impartiality, it appears, that the _philandre_, _opossum_, _seu carigueya Brasiliensis_, and the _philander orientalis maximus_ of Seba; those of M. Brisson, and the _marsupialis_ and _opossum_ of Linnæus are all of them the same animal, which is our opossum whose natural climate is South America; and who was never seen in the East Indies, but when transported thither. Upon this subject, some uncertainty still remains in regard to the _taiibi_, which Marcgrave does not mention as an animal different from the _carigueya_, but which Johnston, Seba, Klein, Linnæus, and Brisson, have presented as distinct from the preceding. In Marcgrave the two names of _carigueya_ and _taiibi_ are found in the same article, where it is said, that this animal is called _carigueya_ in Brasil, and _taiibi_ in Paraguay. There is afterwards a description of the _carigueya_ taken from Ximenes; and then another is given of the animal called _taiibi_, by the Brasilians; _cachorro domato_, by the Portuguese, and _hooschratte_, or the rat of the wood, by the Dutch. Marcgrave does not say this is an animal different from the _carigueya_, but on the contrary, considers it as the male of that species; and it appears clearly, that the male and female opossum were called _taiibi_ in Paraguay, and that in Brasil they gave the name of _taiibi_ to the male, and that of _carigueya_ to the female. Besides, the difference between those two animals, such as it is indicated by their descriptions, is too inconsiderable to conclude they are not the same species. The most essential is, the colour of the hair, which in the _carigueya_ is yellow and brown, and grey in the _taiibi_, the hairs of which are white at their bottom, and brown or black at the extremities. It is therefore more than probable, that the _taiibi_ is the male opossum. Mr. Ray seems to be of that opinion, when speaking of the _carigueya_, and the _taiibi_. Yet, notwithstanding Marcgrave's authority, and the rational doubt of Ray, Seba gives the figure of an animal, under the name of the _taiibi_; and says, at the same time, that this _taiibi_ is the same animal as the _tlaquatzin_ of Hernandes; this is adding error upon error; for even according to Seba, his _taiibi_, which is a female, has no bag under the belly; and Hernandes gives to his _tlaquatzin_ this bag as a particular characteristic; consequently the _taiibi_ of Seba cannot be the _tlaquatzin_ of Hernandes, as it has no pouch, nor the _taiibi_ of Marcgrave, since it is a female; it is certainly, therefore, another animal badly designed, and badly described, to whom Seba thought proper to give the name of _taiibi_, and which he confounds with the _tlaquatzin_ of Hernandes, which as we have said before, is our opossum. Brisson and Linnæus have, in regard to the _taiibi_, literally followed Seba; they have copied even his error in regard to the _tlaquatzin_ of Hernandes, and both,