By comparing the remarks which have been made by ancient and modern authors, with the knowledge we have acquired by experience, we find, 1. That the _dorcas_ of Aristotle is not the gazelle but the roe-buck; notwithstanding that this name has been used by Ælian, not only to denote wild goats in general but particularly the Lybian or common gazelle. 2. That the _strepsiceros_ of Pliny, or the _addax_ of the Africans, is the antelope. 3. That the _dama_ of Pliny is the _nanguer_ of Africa, and not our fallow-deer, or any other European animal. 4. That the _prox_ of Aristotle agrees with the _zorkes_ of Ælian, and is the same with the _platycerotas_ of the more modern Greeks, which name the Latins have adopted to denote the fallow-deer, "_Animalium quorumdam cornua in palmas finxit natura; digitosque emisis exiis unde platycerotas vocant_," says Pliny. 5. That the pygargos of the Greeks is probably the gazelle of Egypt, or that of Persia; that is, the _algazel_ or _pasan_. The word _pygargos_ is only used by Aristotle to denote a bird, the _white-tailed eagle_; but Pliny employed it to denote a quadruped. The etymology of pygargus indicates, 1. An animal with white haunches, such as the roe-bucks or gazelles. 2. A timid animal; the ancients imagining that white thighs were an index of timidity, attributed the intrepidity of Hercules to his having black ones. But as almost every author, who speaks of the pygargus as a quadruped, mentions also the roe-buck; it is clear that the name can only be applied to some species of gazelle, which is different from the dorcas Lybica, or common gazelle, and from the strepsiceros, or antelope, which the same authors speak of. We therefore think, that the _pygargus_ denotes the _algazel_ or _gazelle_ of Egypt, which must have been known to the Greeks as well as to the Hebrews; for we find the name of pygargus in the Septuagint version[V], among the number of animals whose flesh is deemed clean; the Jews, therefore, eat the pygargus, or that species of gazelle which is common in Egypt and the adjacent countries. [V] Deuteronomy, chap. xiv.