Buffon's Natural History. Volume 10 (of 10): Containing a Theory of the Earth, a General History of Man, of the Brute Creation, and of Vegetables, Minerals, &c. &cBuffon, Georges Louis Leclerc, comte de
History
Buffon's Natural History. Volume 10 (of 10): Containing a Theory of the Earth, a General History of Man, of the Brute Creation, and of Vegetables, Minerals, &c. &c
Buffon, Georges Louis Leclerc, comte de
Natural history
"4. The specific weight of this piece was determined by a good
hydrostatical balance, and being, for the greater certainty, compared
to coined and to other very pure gold, used by M. Buffon in his
experiments, their density was found, with water, in which they were
plunged,
Pure gold - 19-87/1
Coin gold - 17-1/2
Platina - 14-2/5
"5. This piece of platina was put upon steel to try its ductability;
it supported the hammer very well for a few strokes; its surface
became flat and even, a little smooth in the parts which were struck,
but it split soon after, and nearly a sixth part separated. The
fracture presented many cavities, some of which had the whiteness and
brilliancy of silver, and in others we remarked several points like
chrystalization; the tops of these points examined with the lens, was
a globule absolutely similar to that of the third experiment. All the
other parts of this piece of platina were compact, the grain finer and
closer than the best brass, which it resembled in colour. We offered
several of these pieces to the loadstone, but not one was attracted
thereby. We powdered them again in an agate mortar, and then remarked
that the magnetical bar raised up some of the smallest every time they
are placed under it.
"This new appearance of magnetism was so much the more surprising,
as the grains were detached from the agglutinated mass of the second
experiment, which seemed to have lost all sensibility at the approach
and contact of the loadstone. In consequence we again took some of
these grains, which were alike powdered, and soon perceived the
smallest parts sensibly attach themselves to the magnetic bar. It is
impossible to attribute this effect to the smoothness of the bar,
or to any other cause foreign to magnetism. A piece of smooth iron,
applied in the same manner on the parts of this platina did not raise
up a single grain.
"By these experiments, and the observations which have arisen
therefrom, we may judge of the difficulty of determining the nature
of platina. It is very certain that it contains some parts which are
verifiable even without the addition of a fierce fire; it is also
certain that all platina contains iron and attractable parts; but if
the Prussian alkali never affords blue but with the grains which the
loadstone attracts, we should conclude, that those which resist it are
pure platina, which of itself has no magnetical virtue, and of which
iron does not make an essential part. We must suppose that a sufficient
fusion, or perfect cupellation, might decide the question; at least,
these operations appear to have, in fact, deprived it of every magnetic
virtue, by separating it from all foreign bodies; but the last
observation proves, in an incontrovertible manner, that this magnetic
property was, in reality, only weakened, and perhaps masked or buried,
since it reappeared when it was ground."
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