Burial Mounds of the Northern Sections of the United StatesThomas, Cyrus
History
Burial Mounds of the Northern Sections of the United States
Thomas, Cyrus
Indians of North America -- Funeral customs and rites; Mounds -- United States; Wyandot Indians
According to the Cherokee tradition, they found a settlement of Creeks
on the Lower Hiawassee, when they reached that region, and drove them
away. Ramsay expresses the opinion in his Annals of Tennessee, on what
authority is not known, that this was a Uchee settlement. Hence the
southern boundary of their possessions, at this early date, which must
have been before the time of De Soto's expedition, was about the present
northern boundary of Georgia. That their borders, at the time of De
Soto's march, extended into northeastern Georgia is proved by the
chroniclers of his expedition, but that they did not reach as far south
as Bartow County can be shown from one somewhat singular circumstance,
which, at the same time, will furnish strong reasons for believing that
the authors of the works immediately south of this boundary could not
have built the mounds we have been considering.
It will be admitted, I presume, by every one, that the people over whom
the famous cacique of Cutifachiqui reigned could not have been
Cherokees; yet her territory included Xuala, probably in Nacoochee
valley, and extended westward well toward Guaxule on the headwaters of
the Coosa, but that the latter was not within the territory of her tribe
is expressly stated by Garcilasso de la Vega. I think it may be safely
assumed that her people were Creeks; and, if so, that the people of
Guaxule, who, as we judge from the chroniclers of De Soto's expedition,
were mound-builders, belonged to another distinct tribe.
Garcilasso, who is our authority in reference to the first point now to
be considered, says:
La casa estava en un cerro alto, como de otras semejantes hemos
dicho. Tenia toda ella al derredor un paseadero que podian
pasearse por el seis hombres juntos.[71] The house was on a
high hill (mound) similar to others we have already mentioned.
It had all round about it a roadway on which six men could walk
abreast.
This language is peculiar, and, so far as I am aware, can apply to no
other mound in Georgia than the large one near Cartersville. The words
"similar to others we have mentioned," are evidently intended to signify
that it was artificial, and this is conceded by all who have noted the
passage. The word "alto" (high), in the mouth of the explorers,
indicates something more elevated than the ordinary mounds. The roadway
or passageway (paseadero) "round about it" is peculiar, and is the only
mention of the kind by either of the three chroniclers. How is it to be
explained?
As Garcilasso wrote from information and not from personal observation
he often failed to catch from his informants a correct notion of the
things described to him; this is frequently apparent in his work where
there is no reason to attribute it to his vivid imagination. In this
case it is clear he understood there was a terrace running entirely
around the mound, or possibly a roadway around the top outside of a
rampart or stockade.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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