[225] Respecting the frequentatives _ductare_ and _missitare_, which last is a secondary derivative from _mittere_ (as _currere, cursare, cursitare_), see Zumpt, S 231; and about _vitabundus_, S 248. [226] The usual arrangement of the words would be: _corrumpere, ut alii (partim) transfugerent, alii--desererent_. The _ut_ is here repeated in the second clause, which is rather unusual. [227] _Trepidare_, in its proper sense, is, 'to run about with fear and trembling.' [228] _Anceps_, 'twofold,' on the part of the enemy and of that of nature. [229] The author here distinguishes the infantry (_cohors_) and cavalry (_turma_) of the auxiliaries, and the common soldiers from the Roman legions. [230] The _primus pilus_ in a Roman legion is the first company (_manipulus_) of the third class of legionaries, who were called _pilani_ or _triarii_, and were employed in battle as a reserve, while the two other classes of legionaries, the _hastati_ and _principes_, began the engagement. A legion thus contained ten maniples of every class; that is, altogether thirty maniples, each of which consisted of two _centuriae_, and each _centuria_ was commanded by a _centurio_. Out of these sixty centurions of a legion, the two commanding the _primus pilus_ (they themselves also were called, like their companies, _primi pili_) were the first in rank, and again the _ductor prioris centuriae primi pili_ was the principal centurion in a legion. The treachery of such an officer, therefore, is the more surprising. To the pronoun _ea_ supply _via_; _ea_, with this ellipsis, is used as an adverb in the sense of 'there.' See Zumpt, S 207, 288. [231] In accordance with the rules on the oratio obliqua, Sallust ought to have written _teneat_. [232] A _jugum_ was formed by two lances fixed in the ground, and a third fastened across them so as to form a gate. When an army confessed itself to be conquered, and after capitulating, was allowed to depart, the troops had to march under a yoke of this description. [233] Literally: 'because the disgrace was exchanged for the fear of death;' that is, by enduring it, they became free from the fear of death.