But Congress did not appropriate any money for the Academy until March
3, 1803, and then in the Army Bill it gave only $2,000.00 for both the
Academy and for War Department books and apparatus. The Army Bill of 1804
contained $1,000.00 for the Academy, and that of 1805 gave it $500.00.
Then Congress ignored this institution until the war with England, when
in the Army Bill of 1812 it gave the Academy $25,000.00 and authorized
the erection of a library and other buildings, and the reorganization of
the academic staff.
An Act of Congress in 1808 authorized 40 cadets from the artillery, 16
from the dragoons, 20 from the riflemen, and 100 from the infantry, but
as no provision was made for them at West Point only a few of these were
appointed. In 1810 the Military Academy was deprived of nearly all means
of instruction and both officers and cadets experienced difficulty in
getting their pay. During most of the year 1811, although war was then
imminent, academic instruction was practically abandoned and in March,
1812, it was abandoned when the last instructor was ordered to duty
elsewhere. Up to this time 88 cadets had graduated and they had been
admitted to the academy without mental or physical examinations, at all
ages, from twelve to thirty-four and at any time of the year.
By an Act of Congress approved April 29, 1812, the Military Academy
was reorganized, and the provisions of this Act furnished the general
principles upon which the Academy has since been conducted and
controlled; a more adequate corps of professors was authorized, a maximum
of 250 cadets was fixed, and age and mental requisites for admission of
candidates were prescribed, and in 1817 under the able superintendency of
Major Sylvanus Thayer, a graduate of the West Point class of 1808, the
present era in the Academy’s history began, because he made it a school
for the practical and theoretical training of cadets for the military
service. Since then the requisites for admission have been increased from
time to time by Congress and with its permission by the Secretary of War.
In 1834 an appropriation (of $139,881.45) for the Military Academy was
for the first time made in a separate bill, called the Military Academy
bill.
In 1838 many records and other property were destroyed by fire.
Prior to 1843 a prescribed residence was not a legal qualification for
appointment but the selection of one cadet from each congressional
district became a custom, and in this year Congress prescribed that the
corps of cadets should consist of one cadet (recommended by the member)
from each congressional district, one (recommended by the delegate)
from each Territory, one from the District of Columbia and ten from the
United States at large, to be appointed by the President; the number of
cadets varying as the number of congressmen and delegates increased or
diminished.
The Academic Board now comprises the following, to-wit:
Superintendent.
Commandant of Cadets—Instructor of Tactics.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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