_Or just before the disturbances in Canada, and before the Union._ Imports. Exports. Population. Shipping Tons. Nova Scotia L1,245,000 L935,000 150,000 374,000 Canada 2,580,000 1,321,750 1,200,000 348,000 Newfoundland 632,576 850,344 70,000 98,000 Cape Breton 80,000 90,000 35,000 70,000 Prince Edward's Island 46,000 90,000 32,000 23,800 New Brunswick 250,000 700,000 164,000 347,000 --------- ---------- --------- --------- Total L4,833,576 L3,987,094 1,651,000 1,260,800 THE UNITED STATES. Imports. Exports. Population. Shipping Tons. 1784 L4,250,000 L1,000,000 3,000,000 500,000 1836 162,000,000 121,000,000 15,000,000 2,000,000 Thus the increase in shipping alone to the North American colonies, compared with the United States, was as _ten_ to _four_, and the increase of population as _ten_ to _three_. In imports, the United States, compared with the colonies in that period, increased as 40 to 9, exports 120 to 19; but then the Americans had the whole world for customers, and the colonies Great Britain only, until very lately, and then, even in the West India trade, they could scarcely compete with their rivals; whereas the Americans started with four times the shipping, nearly double the population, six times the import, and four times the export trade, and the people of the republic had already occupied at least ten great commercial ports, whilst Quebec, Halifax, and St. John, were yet in infancy as mercantile _entrepots_. Passing over all but Western Canada, we shall examine the state of that province after the rebellion of 1839, when Lord Durham informed us that The population was 513,000, Value of fixed and } }An increase of two assessed property } L5,043,253 }millions and a }quarter }in ten years. Cultivated acres 1,738,500 Grist-mills 678 Saw-mills 933 Cattle 400,000 and yet Upper Canada was only a howling wilderness in 1784. It is now supposed, upon competent authority, that the British possessions north of New York contain not fewer than two millions and a quarter of inhabitants, a fixed and floating capital of seventy-five million pounds, a public revenue of a million and a quarter, with a tonnage of not less than two millions and a quarter, manned, including the lake craft, steam-boats, and fishing-vessels, by one hundred and fifty thousand sailors; and this Western Britain consumes annually seven millions of pounds sterling of British goods.