M Machinery, extensive use in agriculture, 89 McKenzie Bay, Magnetic Rock in, 40 McKenzie, Mr. Peter, discoveries of, 34 McInnes, Mr. W., report on vegetation in the north lands, 139 Macoun, Mr. John, scientific labours of, 175 Magnesite, where occurring, 180 Manganese, location of deposits, 178 Manitoba, beginnings of, 28 ——, its plains and prairie, 83 ——, land awaiting settlement, 84 ——, mineral deposition, 186 Maple syrup, production of, 43 Medicine Hat, Irrigation at, 125 Mercury, production of, 178 Mesabi iron deposits, 184 Mica deposits, location of, 174, 179 Mine swindles, how engineered, 191 Mines, management of, 192 ——, purchasers of, Government advice to, 192 Mineral deposits of Canada, zones of, 181 —— ——, parallels with U.S.A., 180 —— output of Canada, 192 —— resources, untouched, in Canada, 133 —— richness of Hudson Bay district, 134 —— —— of the North lands, 143 —— springs at Roche à Miette, 238 —— wealth of Canada, 173 Mineralogy of Canada, the Government’s research work, 174 Mining companies, advice to investors, in, 189 —— ——, some causes of failure, 192 —— investments, advice and warning, respecting, 189 —— richness of Canada, 177 Missionaries and the Red Indians, 204 Montreal, early adventurers from, 22 ——, some particulars about, 75 Mount Royal, founding of, 13 N Natural gas, discovery of, at Pelican Portage, 228 Naval engagement, a, of 1697, 18 Nelson, 145 Nelson house and district, 140 New Brunswick, coal in, 177 New Brunswick, mineral possibilities of, 182 —— ——, wolfram deposits in, 179 —— England, 12 —— France, 12 —— Hudson Bay line starting point and proposed route, 139 Niagara, at the Power houses, 53 ——, a visit to the Falls, 47 ——, beneath the cascade, 49 ——, distribution of power, 55 ——, experiences at the cataract, 50 ——, how it makes electricity, 53 Nickel deposits, chance discovery of, 185 —— ——, of, in Keewatin, 144 —— —— in Ontario, 178 Northern Canada, development of, 132 —— territories, agricultural possibilities in, 38 North lands, richness in timber, 141 North-West Company, origin of, 23 —— ——, floral fertility in the, 73 —— —— mounted police, establishment of, 31 —— ——, stories of the, 119 Nova Scotia, coal in, 177, 181 —— ——, gold in, 178 —— ——, iron in, 177 —— ——, tin in, 174, 179 —— ——, wolfram deposits in, 179 O Oats, a good course for Manitoba, 87 ——, annual yield of, 42 ——, average yield from good farming, 87 ——, best kinds to grow, 87 ——, popularity of “Banner,” 87 ——, yield from virgin soil, 164 Oil-fields, certainty of, in Alberta, 186 Oil, prospects of in Peace River district, 229 Ontario, copper in, 178 ——, gold in, 178 ——, iron in, 177 ——, mineral possibilities of, 182 ——, nickel in, 178 ——, silver in, 178 Oncorhynchus, the, 245 O’Sullivan, Mr., on the climate in the northern territories, 138