Similar provisions by statutory The high court can adjudicate enactments of Dominion in cases arising out of the parliament. constitution, or controversies between states, or in which the commonwealth is a party. No such stringent provision Appeals only allowed to exists in the Canadian Queen-in-council from high court constitution, but appeals in all on constitutional issues between civil--though not in commonwealth and any state, criminal--cases are allowed, by or between two or more states, virtue of the exercise of the when high court gives leave to royal prerogative, from appeal. Otherwise, the royal provincial courts as well as prerogative to grant appeals is from the supreme court of Canada not impaired. Parliament may, to the Queen-in-council; however, make laws limiting _i.e._, in practice, to the such appeals, but they must judicial committee of the privy be reserved for her Majesty's council. pleasure. CANADA. AUSTRALIA. Judges of the superior and Judges in the states are appointed county courts in the provinces and removable under existing state (except those of probate in New constitutions, which the state Brunswick, Nova Scotia and parliaments can change at will. Prince Edward Island) are appointed by the governor-general-in-council, and removable only by the same on the address of the two houses of parliament. Their salaries and allowances are fixed by the parliament of Canada. The provinces have jurisdiction Similar powers in the states. over the administration of justice in a province, including the constitution, maintenance, and organisation of provincial courts, both of civil and criminal jurisdiction, and including the procedure in civil matters in those courts. The enactment and amendment With the states. of the criminal law rest with the Dominion parliament. The enactment and amendment With the states. of all laws relating to property and civil rights rest with the provinces.