Cardinal de RichelieuPrice, Eleanor C. (Eleanor Catherine)
History
Cardinal de Richelieu
Price, Eleanor C. (Eleanor Catherine)
France -- History -- Louis XIII, 1610-1643; Richelieu, Armand Jean du Plessis, duc de, 1585-1642
As the Cardinal wrote to the ambassadors, the Duc de Soubise, not
content with seizing the Isle of Ré and thus commanding La Rochelle,
had sailed north and pounced on the harbour of Blavet, on the Brittany
coast, at the mouth of the river below Hennebon. The harbour had been
fortified by Louis XIII. in the former civil wars, and was known as
Port Louis. Six battleships were now lying there, five of which did not
belong to the King, but had been lent him by the Duc de Nevers. Soubise
took the town and the ships--including the famous great _Vierge_,
of eighty guns--and attacked the castle, which held out long enough
for the Duc de Vendôme, governor of Brittany, to come to the rescue.
Soubise then escaped to sea, but with difficulty, carrying four of
his prizes with him; and sailing like a bold pirate southward, taking
the island of Oléron as a base for his operations, became a terror to
vessels of war or merchandise all along the coast. Later on he stormed
up the Gironde in support of the Duc de Rohan, who had already set
Guienne and Languedoc in a blaze.
All this trouble, arising at such an unwelcome moment, caused terrible
agitation among the King’s councillors. Most of them, says Richelieu,
were “si éperdus,” that they saw no choice but between immediate peace
with Spain and submission to all the Huguenot demands. He himself would
have no such craven yielding to the storm. With little slackening of
energy in the Swiss and Genoese campaigns, he set to work to crush the
revolt at home, acting on the medical maxim that a small internal
injury is more to be feared than one greater and more painful, but
external only.
His understanding with England and Holland now bore some fruit.
Their statesmen, less consistent than their populations, did not
refuse to support him against his rebels, in spite of their religion.
England, already on the edge of war with Spain, sent eight ships to
the help of the French Government; the Dutch fleet was diverted from
the Mediterranean to the Atlantic, and twenty French ships made up
a fleet of fifty or sixty sail, commanded in chief by Duke Henry de
Montmorency, High Admiral of France. Richelieu had not much faith
in this young man, the late Constable’s only son and the Princesse
de Condé’s brother--one of the handsomest and boldest of the fierce
order that the Cardinal meant to subdue. But as far as Montmorency was
concerned the time of vengeance was not yet. He and the Dutch Admiral,
after a long fight with Soubise on the sea, scattered his fleet, took
the islands of Ré and Oléron, and came very near to capture La Rochelle
itself.
Here Richelieu held his hand. He was not yet ready for that great
siege, or for the final crushing of the Protestant power in France.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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