Cassell's book of birds; vol. 1Brehm, Alfred Edmund
Science
Cassell's book of birds; vol. 1
Brehm, Alfred Edmund
Birds
This very remarkable species does not resemble a Finch in its mode of
life, but dwells like a Sandpiper upon the sea-shore, and passes its
time in running nimbly and rapidly at the water's edge, or climbing
about among the reeds with the agility of a Reed Bunting. Its principal
nourishment consists of shrimps, small crabs, sea snails, and little
fishes, this food imparting to its flesh a flavour of train oil, so
generally observable in most sea birds. Marshes producing reeds and
high grass, and well covered with sea water, are the favourite resorts
of these birds, and there they build their nests, care being taken to
place them in some tuft of grass that is beyond the reach of the waves;
the little cradle is formed of coarse grass lined with a bed of finer
quality; the eggs, from four to six in number, are greyish white, spotted
with brown. As far as we can learn, they breed twice in the year.
THE BUNTINGS.
The BUNTINGS (_Emberizæ_) form the connecting link between the Larks and
the Finches proper, and constitute a family extremely rich in species,
all presenting a striking resemblance to each other. These birds are
characterised by their thick bodies, their wings of moderate length,
of which the second or third quills are generally the longest, and by
their large tail formed of broad feathers, its termination being either
straight or slightly furcated; the feet are short, the toes long, and
the hinder toe furnished with a large spur-like nail. The beak, which we
regard as the distinguishing feature of this family, is short, conical,
and pointed, thick at the base, but much compressed towards its tip;
the upper mandible is somewhat narrower than the lower, by which it is
slightly overlapped, the cutting margins are strongly bowed inwards, and
bent down at a sharp angle towards the gape. Implanted in the palate of
the upper jaw there is, moreover, a bony protuberance, which is received
into a corresponding cavity in the under jaw; the gullet is enlarged, but
can scarcely be said to form a crop, and there is a muscular gizzard.
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