Cassell's book of birds; vol. 4Brehm, Alfred Edmund
Science
Cassell's book of birds; vol. 4
Brehm, Alfred Edmund
Birds
never remove far from the locality whence they started. The disagreeable
shrieking cry uttered by these birds varies but little in different
species. Although the Terns are very sociable in their intercourse with
their own kind, they appear to take but little heed of the rest of their
feathered companions, even when, as is often the case, they associate with
them in search of food. The diet of the Sea Swallows consists principally
of fishes and a variety of creatures met with in the sea, their prey
being always taken when on the wing. These birds are strictly monogamous:
a few weeks before the commencement of the breeding season they begin to
assemble in the vicinity of their meeting-place, returning year after year
to the same locality. Such species as inhabit the sea-shore generally
select coral-banks, islands, or long spits of bare sand for this purpose,
while such as settle inland seek out similar, but less barren spots, in
the vicinity of swamps and marshes, the various species usually breeding
apart from each other. Such as resort to morasses lay their eggs in a
mere depression of the ground. Their unpretending apologies for a nest
are sometimes isolated, sometimes so crowded together as literally to
cover the ground so thickly, that the brooding birds have all to sit with
their heads in one direction, and a man cannot pass between them without
crushing the eggs of contiguous nests. Even such species as resort to
trees construct nothing in the shape of a nest, but deposit their eggs
in chinks of the bark or inequalities of the branches. Most of the Terns
lay three eggs, others two, whilst those that breed on trees deposit but
one. The male and female brood alternately; during the heat of the day,
however, they leave their eggs to be kept warm by the sun. The young are
hatched in about a fortnight or three weeks, and make their appearance
clad in down; they leave the hollow that has served as a nest on the day
of their birth, and run at once down to the water's edge, quite as fast as
their parents, by whom they are anxiously and carefully tended.
[Illustration: _Plate 38, Cassell's Book of Birds_
STERNA HIRUNDO ____ COMMON TERN
(_about 1/3 Nat. size_)]
[Illustration: THE CASPIAN TERN (_Sylochelidon Caspia_).]
* * * * *
The RAPACIOUS TERNS (_Sylochelidon_) are the largest of the Sea Swallows,
and distinguishable from other species by their proportionately strong,
compressed body, as also by their large strong beak, which is longer than
the head. The foot is small, and the web but little excised; their wing is
long and sabre-like; the tail but slightly forked; and the general plumage
close and thick.
THE CASPIAN TERN.
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