None of the typical Deer of America attain any considerable size, and
their antlers are decidedly small when contrasted with those of the Old
World. The species which will be first described is the VIRGINIAN DEER,
which is the “Common” Deer of North America, and is slightly smaller
than the Fallow Deer. Its colour is uniform, being of a reddish-yellow
in summer and light grey in winter. The individual members of the
species are small in Mexico, and get larger as they live more north.
The antlers belong to the extreme rucervine type, their beams turning
outwards and forwards in a very characteristic manner, with several
points directed upwards from their convex border. The brow-tyne is
short and pointed upwards instead of forwards. The tail is nearly a
foot and a half in length. In disposition it is timid and wild, and is
therefore domesticated with difficulty. Its flesh was in times gone
by one of the staple articles of food of the aborigines. Audubon and
other authors have described in detail the various modes employed in
capturing these Deer, including the “still hunt,” “jack hunt,” “fire
hunt,” &c., according to the nature of the country.
The MULE DEER and the BLACK-TAILED DEER are not far distantly related
North American species. The former is slightly larger than the
Virginian and of a heavier build. Its tail is short, tufted, and white;
its colour a dark grey in winter, dull yellow in summer. Its name was
suggested from its lengthy ears. The latter is smaller, and has shorter
legs. Its colour is tawny grey, the short tail black above and white
below. Of both these species the antlers differ from the Virginian
Deer in detail, only the brow tyne of the Black-tailed species being
rudimentary, at the same time that the snags on the convex margin of
the beam spring from a single stem instead of independently. In the
Mule Deer they are smaller and less branched. Lord Walsingham, in
writing of them, remarks, “They appear to frequent the thick willow
clumps and other brushwood bordering the streams and swamps. They were
extremely difficult to distinguish among the foliage, and remarkably
quick when alarmed. As they bound off over logs and fallen trees, or
dash through the thicket, they have a habit of swinging their broad
white tails with a conspicuous flourish, which becomes annoying to a
sportsman, to whom they never afford anything but a snap shot, which is
very apt to fail.”
[Illustration: GUAZUTI DEER.]
The GUAZUS are small South American Deer with large ears and short
tails, in which the antlers want the brow tyne, and have the beam
branched in almost exactly the same way as Schomburgk’s Deer when not
quite full grown. The Guazuti, one of them, is not more than two feet
six inches in height.
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