Chitrakara or Chitrakaro.--The Chitrakaros of Ganjam, who are a class of Oriya painters (chitra, painting), are returned in the Census Report, 1901, as a sub-caste of Muchi. In the Mysore Census Report, 1891, the Chitragaras are said to be "also called Bannagara of the Rachevar (or Raju) caste. They are painters, decorators and gilders, and make trunks, palanquins, 'lacquer' toys and wooden images for temples, cars, etc." At Channapatna in Mysore, I interviewed a Telugu Chitrakara, who was making toys out of the white wood of Wrightia tinctoria. The wood was turned on a primitive lathe, consisting of two steel spikes fixed into two logs of wood on the ground. Seated on the floor in front of his lathe, the artisan chucked the wood between the spikes, and rotated it by means of a bow held in the right hand, whereof the string was passed round the wood. The chisel was held between the sole of the right foot and palm of the left hand. Colours and varnish were applied to the rotating toy with sticks of paint like sealing-wax, and strips of palm leaf smeared with varnish. In addition to the turned toys, models of fruits were made from mud and sawdust, cane cradles made by Medaras were painted and idols manufactured for the Holi festival at Bangalore, and the figure of Sidi Viranna for the local pseudo-hook-swinging ceremony. The Chitrakaras, whom I saw at Tumkur, had given up making toys, as it did not pay. They manufacture big wooden idols (grama devata), e.g., Ellamma and Mariamma, and vehicles for various deities in the shape of bulls, snakes, peacocks, lions, tigers, and horses. They further make painted figures of Lakshmi, and heads of Gauri, the wife of Siva, decorated with gold-leaf jewels, which are worshipped by Brahmans, Vakkaligas, Komatis, and others at the annual Gauri puja; and mandahasa (god houses) with pillars carved with figures of Narasimha and conventional designs. These mandahasas serve as a receptacle for the household gods (salagrama stone, lingam, etc.), which are worshipped daily by Smarta and Madhva Brahmans. These Chitrakaras claimed to be Suryavamsam, or of the lunar race of Kshatriyas, and wear the sacred thread. Chitravaliar.--A synonym of Alavan. Chogan.--See Izhava. Cholapuram or Sholavaram.--A sub-division of Chetti. Choliya Pattar.--A name for Pattar Brahmans in Malabar. Chondi.--See Sondi. Choutagara.--A corrupt form of Chaptegara. Chovatton.--Priests of Muttans and Tarakans. Chuditiya.--See Kevuto. Chunam (lime).--A sub-division of Toreyas, who are manufacturers of lime. Chunam, made from calcined shells, limestone, etc., is largely used for building purposes, and the chunam plaster of Madras has been long celebrated for its marble-like polish. Chunam is also chewed with betel. Chuvano.--Recorded, in the Madras Census Report, 1901, as a small Oriya cultivating caste, supposed to be of Kshatriya parentage. D Daindla.--The name, denoting those who hid or ran away, of a sub-division of Mala.