these lands are acknowledged by colonists from among the Aryans, and, when a dispute arises concerning the boundaries of a field possessed by recent arrivals, a Parja is usually called in to point out the ancient land-marks." The name Poroja seems to be derived from the Oriya, Po, son, and Raja, i.e., sons of Rajas. There is a tradition that, at the time when the Rajas of Jeypore rose into prominence at Nandapur, the country was occupied by a number of tribes, who, in return for the protection promised to them, surrendered their rights to the soil, which they had hitherto occupied absolutely. I am informed that the Porojas, when asked what their caste is, use ryot and Poroja as synonymous, saying we are Porojas; we are ryot people. The Parji language is stated by Mr. G. A. Grierson [108] to have "hitherto been considered as identical with Bhatri. Bhatri has now become a form of Oriya. Parji, on the other hand, is still a dialect of Gondi." The Bhatras are a tribe inhabiting the state of Bastar in the Central Provinces. The Porojas are not a compact caste, but rather a conglomerate, made up of several endogamous sections, and speaking a language, which varies according to locality. These sections, according to Mr. C. Hayavadana Rao, to whom I am indebted for much of the present note, are-- (1) Barang Jhodia, who eat beef and speak Oriya. (2) Pengu Poroja, subdivided into those who eat the flesh of the buffalo, and those who do not. They speak a language, which is said to bear a close resemblance to Kondhs. (3) Khondi or Kondi Poroja, who are a section of the Kondhs, eat beef and the flesh of buffaloes, and speak Kodu or Kondh. (4) Parengi Poroja, who are a section of the Gadabas. They are subdivided into those who eat and do not eat the flesh of buffaloes, and speak a Gadaba dialect. (5) Bonda, Bunda, or Nanga Poroja, who are likewise a section of the Gadabas, call themselves Bonda Gadaba, and speak a dialect of Gadaba. (6) Tagara Poroja, who are a section of the Koyas or Koyis, and speak Koya, or, in some places, Telugu. (7) Dur Poroja, also, it is said, known as Didayi Poroja, who speak Oriya. Among the Barang Jhodias, the gidda (vulture), bagh (tiger), and nag (cobra) are regarded as totems. Among the Pengu, Kondhi and Dur divisions, the two last are apparently regarded as such, and, in addition to them, the Bonda Porojas have mandi (cow). In the Barang Jhodia, Pengu, and Kondhi divisions, it is customary for a man to marry his paternal aunt's daughter, but he cannot claim her as a matter of right, for the principle of free love is recognised among them. The dhangada and dhangadi basa system, according to which bachelors and unmarried girls sleep in separate quarters in a village, is in force among the Porojas.