It only remains to add by way of clearer definition that the role of catastrophe appears to be both direct and indirect. Functioning directly, it prepares the ground-work for social change by (1) weakening social immobility; (2) precipitating fluidity of custom; (3) forcing environal favorability for change. Indirectly, it sets in motion factors determining the nature of the social change, such as (1) the release of spirit and morale; (2) the play of imitation; (3) the stimulus of leaders and lookers-on; (4) the socialization of institutions. Our final principle[178] thus appears to be that progress in catastrophe is a resultant of specific conditioning factors some of which are subject to social control. If there is one thing more than another which we would emphasize in conclusion it is this final principle. Progress is not necessarily a natural or assured result of change. It comes only as a result of effort that is wisely expended and sacrifice which is sacrifice in truth. [178] The two additional propositions suggested in the Introduction, namely, that the degree of fluidity seems to vary directly as the shock of the catastrophe, and that brusk revolution in the conditions of life accomplish not sudden, but gradual changes in society, require a study of comparative catastrophic phenomena for verification or rejection. That the nature of the social change in Halifax is one in the direction of progress we think to be based on reason and not alone on hope. That it is also our fervent hope, we need hardly add. But every Haligonian who cherishes for his city the vision which this book contains, may help mightily to bring it to pass by making effort his watchword and intelligence his guide. We do not say it will all come tomorrow. We do say a wonderful beginning has been made since yesterday. And this is bright for the future. In no better words can we conclude than in those of one of her greatest lovers: "Changes must come to Halifax. This is a world of change. But every true Haligonian hopes that the changes will not disfigure his beloved city, but only heighten and enhance the intimate and haunting charms she borrows from the sea."[179] [179] MacMechan, _op. cit._, p. 336. INDEX A Accidents, industrial, 116, 135 Advancement, human, _vide_ progress Aesthetics, 70 Aggregation, social, 62 Altruism, 51, 58 Ameliorative legislation, _vide_ legislation Analytic psychology, 49 Anxiety, 38 Anger, 39, 44, 45 Animal relief, 91 Army, _vide_ military Association, 56, 63; utility of, 62, 142 Associations, state and voluntary, 73, 99 Attention, 17, 20, 54, 55, 134 Authority, 101, 102, 103, 104 B Behavior, 17, 18, 52, 53, 60, 67 Beliefs, 23, 38, 120 Bereavement, 47 Biological factors in society, 67, 142 Body politic, 44, 69, 144 Bureau, welfare, 139