Catechism of the locomotiveForney, Matthias N. (Matthias Nace)
Science
Catechism of the locomotive
Forney, Matthias N. (Matthias Nace)
Locomotives -- Handbooks, manuals, etc.
_Answer_. It consists, as has already been stated, of two pairs of
wheels.[76] These are attached to a frame, _b′ b′_, plates I, II and
III. The axles have boxes called _truck-boxes_, and brass bearings
similar to those used on the driving-axles. These boxes work in jaws,
also similar to those on the main engine frame, excepting that they
have no attachment to prevent them from being worn by the motion of
the boxes up and down in the jaws. Fig. 186 is a horizontal section,
fig. 187 a plan, and fig. 188 a transverse section[77] of a truck. The
frame _C D E F_, fig. 187, shown also at _h′ h′_, figs. 186 and 188, is
of rectangular form and is forged in one piece. The legs _f f_ which
form the jaws for the boxes, are bolted to the frame as shown in fig.
186. To the lower end of these legs a brace, _g g g_, is bolted, which
thus unites them together. On each side one spring, _S F S_, is placed
under the frame and in the reverse or inverted position to that of
the driving-springs. A pair of equalizing levers, _G G G_, is placed
on each side of the truck, one of them on the inside of the frame and
the other on the outside, as shown in the plan. The ends of these
equalizers rest on the top of the truck-boxes, and the springs are
attached to the levers at _i i_ by the hangers, _j j_. The truck-frame
rests on the top of the spring-strap, _F_, which is made of the form
of an arc of a circle, or “_rounded_,” as it is termed by workmen, so
that it can move freely about the point of support. It is evident that
this arrangement of spring and equalizer operates in the same way as
that employed for the driving-wheels in distributing the weight on each
of the wheels, and that the truck-frame is supported on two points,
_k_, _k_, figs. 186 and 187. The weight of the front end of the engine
rests on a cast iron _centre-plate_, _H H_. This centre-plate rests
on four bars, _l l_, _l l_, and _m m, m m_, two of which are bolted
to the frame transversely and the other two longitudinally, as shown
in the plan. These bars are elevated in the centre as shown in figs.
186 and 188. The transverse bars are trussed with two corresponding
bars, _n n_, fig. 188, below. These _truss-bars_ as they are called,
are bolted to the upper bars with bolts, _o_, _o_, but are separated
from the top-bars by distance pieces, _P_, _P_, figs. 186 and 188.
The centre-plate _H H_, called the _lower centre-plate_, has an
annular groove in it, which receives a corresponding projection on
the casting _K K_, called the _upper centre-plate_, which is bolted
to the bed-plate of the cylinders, as shown in plate II. The upper
centre-plate has a pin, _y_, called a _centre-pin_, fig. 186 and plate
II, attached to it, which passes through the lower centre-plate, and
has a key underneath the latter plate. This key is intended to prevent
the engine from “jumping” off of the truck on a rough track or in case
of accident. The annular groove and the projection which fits into it
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