QUESTION 484. _How should an engine be run past those stations where the train does not stop?_ _Answer._ The speed of the train should be slackened in passing stations, especially if a clear view of the track and switch signals can not be obtained at some distance before reaching the station. There is always a possibility that the switches may be turned wrong, or that there may be some obstruction on the track at stations, so that some caution should be exercised in running past them. The proper signal, either by the whistle[109] or the bell, should be given on approaching stations, and also at all common road crossings. [109] The methods of giving signals vary so much on different roads that no general direction that will suit all cases can be given. QUESTION 485. _What must be done on approaching a draw-bridge or a crossing of another railroad at the same level?_ _Answer._ In many of the States it is provided by law that all trains must come to a _dead stop_ before crossing a draw-bridge or another railroad at the same level. Whether such a law exists or not, the rule should always be observed. After coming to a stop, the train should under no circumstances be started until the signal has been given to start the train by the signal-man at the bridge or crossing. A runner should _never assume_ that the signal has been given, nor take another person’s word for it, but should see and know it himself. In some conditions of the weather and with the light falling on a signal in certain directions, it is sometimes difficult to determine its color or form. If there is any doubt about it, the testimony of another person should always be sought. There is good reason for believing that color-blindness, that is, an incapacity for distinguishing one color from another, is a much more common infirmity than is usually supposed. It is certain, too, that people who ordinarily distinguish colors very accurately are subject to color-blindness in certain conditions of health, and that it is sometimes the result of overwork or great weariness; and a case is recorded of a person who was always color-blind after a debauch. There are, therefore, good reasons why a locomotive runner should not always place too implicit confidence in what he “sees with his own eyes,” but if he has any doubt, he should take the “benefit of the doubt,” which should always lead him to take the side of safety. QUESTION 486. _How should the engine and train be managed in running into a station?_