The erect cross-slabs are, with a few unimportant exceptions, peculiar to Scotland and the Isle of Man. They are probably older than the free-standing crosses, because the erect cross-slabs are not treated architecturally (as the high crosses of Ireland are), but resemble more nearly than anything else ornamental pages from the Celtic illuminated MSS. directly transferred to stone with hardly any modification whatever to suit the requirements of the new material to which the decoration was applied. A particularly good instance of this is afforded by the erect cross-slab at Nigg,[373] Ross-shire. On one side of the monument is a cross with the ornament arranged in rectangular panels exactly as it is in the cross-pages of the Irish Gospels; and on the other a figure subject (David and the Lion) surrounded by a frame, also divided into panels, as in those of the miniatures in the Book of Kells. [368] _Archæologia Cambrensis_, ser. 5, vol. vi., p. 357. [369] Prof. J. O. Westwood’s _Lapidarium Walliæ_, pl. 60. [370] _Ibid._, pl. 14. [371] Dr. J. Stuart’s _Sculptured Stones of Scotland_, vol. ii., pl. 131. [372] A. G. Langdon’s _Old Cornish Crosses_, p. 412. [373] Dr. J. Stuart’s _Sculptured Stones of Scotland_, vol. i., p. 28. See also casts in the South Kensington and Edinburgh Museums. [Illustration: Erect Cross-Slab at St. Madoes, Perthshire Scale ¹/₁₂ linear] The following is a list of some of the best specimens of erect cross-slabs in Scotland:— NORTHERN PICT-LAND Papil (now at Edinburgh) Shetland. Ulbster (now at Thurso) Caithness. Farr Sutherland. Golspie ” Hilton of Cadboll (now at Invergordon) Ross-shire. Nigg ” Rosemarkie ” Shandwick ” Brodie Elginshire. Forres ” Aboyne Aberdeenshire. Dyce ” The Maiden Stone ” Migvie ” SOUTHERN PICT-LAND Aberlemno Forfarshire. Cossins ” Farnell ” Glamis ” Inchbrayock (now at Montrose) ” Invergowrie ” Monifieth (now at Edinburgh) ” St. Vigeans ” Woodwray (now at Abbotsford) ” St. Madoes Perthshire. Meigle ” Rossie Priory ” Dunfallandy ” DALRIADIC SCOTLAND Ardchattan Argyllshire.