The only authorities for the events in the reign of Antoninus are two short passages. One, the passage of Pausanias, referred to in Note ^{63}, and the other of Julius Capitolinus, who says (_De Anton. Pio_, 5), ‘Per legatos suos plurima bella gessit. Nam et Britannos per Lollium Urbicum legatum vicit, alio muro cespiticio submotis barbaris ducto.’ The expression ‘submotis barbaris’ proves that this wall now formed the boundary between the barbarian or independent tribes and the Roman province. It is analogous to the expression used by Aelius Spartianus of ‘qui barbaros Romanosque divideret,’ in stating the building of Hadrian’s wall. It does not necessarily imply an actual driving north of the people, but only the extension of the province, so that the part hostile to the Roman power came to be farther removed. Chalmers has treated the Roman wars in Scotland very strangely. His narrative of the actions of Lollius Urbicus extends over seventy closely printed pages; while for all this the actual authority is comprised within exactly fourteen words of Julius Capitolinus. The campaigns of Severus, by far more important, occupy just six pages; and yet for these we have the detailed narrative of two independent historians. Footnote 71: The principal stations on the wall were at the following places—viz., West Kilpatrick, Duntocher, Castlehill, East Kilpatrick, Bemulie, Kirkintilloch, Auchindavy, Barhill, Westerwood, Castlecary, and Rough Castle; and as they are in general constructed partly of stone, and some of them connected with baths and more elaborate works, they are probably to be attributed to a later age. See a paper by David Milne Home, Esq., in the _Trans. Roy. Soc._ vol. xxvii. part i. p. 39, for the latest account of the wall. Footnote 72: Et adversus Britannos quidem Calphurnius Agricola missus est.—(Capitolin. Mar. Aur. 8.) Footnote 73: In Britannia, in Germania, et in Dacia imperium ejus recusantibus provincialibus, quae omnia ista per duces sedata sunt.—(Lamprid. _Comm._ c. 13. Conf. Dion. 72. 8.) Footnote 74: Dio, 75, 76, 77; Herodian, iii. 7; Capitolin. Clod. Alb. c. 9; Eutropius, viii. 18. Footnote 75: From Magh, a plain. The same word seems to enter into the name Vacomagi. Footnote 76: Colonel Gurwood’s _Speeches of the Duke of Wellington_, vol. ii. p. 729. Footnote 77: At Habitancum, a station on Watling Street, on the south bank of the Rede, inscriptions have been found showing that Severus restored the gate and repaired the walls of the station. See Bruce’s _Roman Wall_, p. 384. Footnote 78: These camps are as follows—viz., Wardykes, near Keithock; Raedykes, near Stonehaven; Normandykes, on the Dee; and Raedykes, on the Ythan. Footnote 79: