Celtic Scotland : $b A history of ancient Alban. Volume 2 (of 3), Church and cultureSkene, W. F. (William Forbes)
History
Celtic Scotland : $b A history of ancient Alban. Volume 2 (of 3), Church and culture
Skene, W. F. (William Forbes)
Celts -- Scotland; Civilization, Celtic; Scotland -- Antiquities, Celtic; Scotland -- History -- To 1603
It is during this period, while Feidhlimidh and Cilline the anchorite
appear as rival abbots, that a catastrophe is recorded by Tighernac in
737,[523] in which Failbe, son of Guaire, the heir of Maelruba of
_Apuorcrosan_, was drowned in the deep sea with twenty-two of his
sailors. The monastery founded by Maelruba at _Apuorcrosan_, now
Applecross, had therefore remained intact. The word ‘hæres,’ or heir, is
here the equivalent of the Irish word _Comharba_, pronounced coärb,
signifying co-heir or inheritor,[524] which occasionally appears as
applied to the heads of religious houses in Ireland during the preceding
century, in connection with the name of its founder, and which now makes
its first appearance in Scotland. In the Monastic Church in Ireland,
when land was given by the chief or head of a family, it was held to be
a personal grant to the saint or missionary himself and to his heirs,
according to the ecclesiastical law of succession. Heirs of his body
such a founder of a monastery, who was himself under the monastic rule,
of course could not have; but, as we have seen, when the tribe of the
land and the tribe of the patron saint were the same, the former
supplied the abbacy with a person qualified to occupy the position; and,
when they were different, the abbot was taken from the tribe to which
the patron saint belonged. These were his ecclesiastical successors and
co-heirs. As such they inherited the land or territory which had been
granted to the original founder of the church or monastery, and as such
they inherited, as coärbs, or co-heirs, his ecclesiastical as well as
his temporal rights.[525] When the integrity of the monastic
institutions in Ireland began to be impaired in the seventh century
under the influence of the party who had conformed to Rome, the heads of
the religious houses found it necessary to fall back more upon the
rights and privileges inherited from the founders; and hence in this
century the term of Coärb, in connection with the name of some eminent
saint, came to designate the bishops or abbots who were the successors
of his spiritual and temporal privileges, and eventually the possessor
of the land, bearing the name of abbot, whether he were a layman or a
cleric. Thus, at A.D. 590, the annals record the appointment of Gregory
the Great to be coärb of Peter the Apostle, that is, bishop of Rome. At
606 we have the death of Sillan, son of Caimin, abbot of Bangor and
‘coärb of Comgall,’ who was its founder. In 654 we find the superior of
the church of Aranmore called ‘coärb of Enda’ its founder; and in 680
the superior of the monastery at Cork is termed coärb of St. Barry, who
founded it.[526] Here in 737 the abbot of the monastery at Apuorcrosan
is termed the heir, that is coärb, of Maelruba, who founded it; and, as
we shall see, the abbots of Iona became known under the designation of
coärbs of Columcille. Twelve years afterwards a similar catastrophe
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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