Celtic Scotland : $b A history of ancient Alban. Volume 3 (of 3), Land and peopleSkene, W. F. (William Forbes)
History
Celtic Scotland : $b A history of ancient Alban. Volume 3 (of 3), Land and people
Skene, W. F. (William Forbes)
Celts -- Scotland; Civilization, Celtic; Scotland -- Antiquities, Celtic; Scotland -- History -- To 1603
The _Finé_, as thus constituted, was formed of two distinct classes;—one
being members of the same tribe as the _Flath_, and consisted of his own
immediate family and relations, and of his _Saor_ and _Daor Ceile_; the
other of stranger septs and broken men from other tribes, who were
settled on the land, and formed a class of subordinate followers. The
basis was a territorial one; but while the authority and privileges of
the chief were derived from his _deis_, there was likewise a bond of
union between him and the former class, derived from community of blood,
and he added to his territorial rights the natural claim to their
allegiance arising from his position as a hereditary chief of their
_Tuath_, as well as the right to punish imperfect service. The most
important of these services on the part of the _Ceile_ was the duty of
following their chief to war. The Book of Aicill, one of these law
tracts, tells us, ‘A chief may enforce a _Sloiged_ or hosting;’ and the
commentator explains, ‘That is, there is a _smacht_ fine, upon a _Daor
Ceile_ of the _Gradfeine_, that is, of the ranks below the _Aires_, for
not going to it, and for coming away from it; double work upon the _Saor
Ceile_ of the _Grad Feine_ for not going to it, and Honor price for
coming away from it.’ Another and perhaps more ancient tract in the
Brehon Laws gives us likewise a view of the _Finé_. There we are told,
‘These are the divisions of the _Finé_ of each _Flath_ or chief. His
_Fuidhir_, his _Ciniud_ or kinsfolk, his _Gabail fodagniat_ (under which
name his Ceile are comprised), all of whom go by the name of _Flaith
Finé_, or the chiefs _Finé_ or sept.’[198]
[Sidenote: The four families of the _Ciné_ or kinsfolk.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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