Celtic Scotland : $b A history of ancient Alban. Volume 3 (of 3), Land and peopleSkene, W. F. (William Forbes)
History
Celtic Scotland : $b A history of ancient Alban. Volume 3 (of 3), Land and people
Skene, W. F. (William Forbes)
Celts -- Scotland; Civilization, Celtic; Scotland -- Antiquities, Celtic; Scotland -- History -- To 1603
The _Tref_ thus, in the main, corresponds to the _Ballyboe_ or
ploughgate of the Irish system, and the fifty _Trefs_ of the _Cymwd_
were thus distributed among the people. Sixteen _Trefs_ formed the _Tir
Cyfrif_ or register land, occupied by the _Bonedic_ or free members of
the tribe. Eight _Trefs_, or two _Maenawls_, were assigned to the
_Cynghellawr_ and the _Maer_ who represented the king in the Cymwd, and
divided the register land among the people. Twenty-four _Trefs_, or six
_Maenawls_, were the _Tir Gwelyawg_ or inheritance land, possessed by
the free _Uchelwyr_; and the two _Trefs_ which remained over were the
king’s _Tir Bwrdd_ or mensal land. Under the _Uchelwyr_ there was a
similar distribution of land, and it is obvious that what was originally
the common land of the tribe, had now come to be viewed as the property
of the king; and the _Bonedic_, or original free occupiers of the land,
now appear as the king’s _Aillts_. Though, like the Irish _Ceile_, they
came to occupy a dependent position in relation to the superior, their
original mode of occupation of the soil remained unchanged, and the
_Maer_ and _Cynghellawr_ are directed to share this land equally between
all in the _Tref_ or township, and on that account it is called _Tir
Cyfrif_ or register land. On the other hand, the sons succeeded equally
to the _Tir Gwelyawg_ or inheritance land, and if they failed, it went
to their first and second cousins, after whom there was no further
division, a succession very similar to the Irish Gavelcine.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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