Celtic Scotland : $b A history of ancient Alban. Volume 3 (of 3), Land and peopleSkene, W. F. (William Forbes)
History
Celtic Scotland : $b A history of ancient Alban. Volume 3 (of 3), Land and people
Skene, W. F. (William Forbes)
Celts -- Scotland; Civilization, Celtic; Scotland -- Antiquities, Celtic; Scotland -- History -- To 1603
Another important feature of the Irish tribe system is exactly reflected
in the Welsh laws. The compensation for every injury, from the slaughter
of a member of the tribe to the smallest loss, was by fines based upon a
value or price put upon each person according to his position as regards
rank and wealth. The fines are the _Galanas_ for slaughter, equivalent
to the _Eric_ of the Irish; the _Saraad_, or fine for any personal
injury or insult, which seems to be the _Smacht_ of the Irish; the
_Dirwy_ and _Camlwrw_, equivalent to the _Dire_ fines of the Irish. The
_Gwerth_ or price of the different ranks, equivalent to the Irish Honor
price, and which regulated the _Galanas_, was as follows:—That of a king
is defined in the Laws of Gwynedd as three times his _Saraad_. The
_Gwerth_ or value and _Galanas_ of a _Pencenedl_ is to be paid by thrice
nine kine and thrice nine score kine, and his _Saraad_ is thrice nine
kine and thrice nine score of silver. The _Gwerth_ or price and the
_Galanas_ of an _Uchelwr_ was six score and six kine, and his _Saraad_
six kine and six score of silver. That of a native _Bonedic_, or free
member of a tribe, was three score and three kine, and his _Saraad_ was
three kine and three score of silver. That of a king’s _Alltudd_, or
foreign settler, was the same. The _Gwerth_ of the _Alltudd_ of an
_Uchelwr_, as well as his _Saraad_, was one half that of the king’s
_Alltudd_. The _Gwerth_ of a _Caeth_ or bondman, if of the island, was
one pound; if from beyond sea, one pound and six score pence, and his
_Saraad_ was twelve pence. The third of every _Galanas_ belongs to the
king, ‘for to him pertains the enforcing of it when the _Cenedl_ may be
unable to enforce it.’ The _Dirwy_ was twelve kine or three pounds; and
the _Camlwrw_, or fine for wrong, three kine or nine score pence.
[Sidenote: The sept in Wales.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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