_Antiq. Aberdeen and Banff_, vol. iv. p. 690, where a dimidia carucata, or half-ploughgate, is said to contain ‘quater xx acras cum crofto habiente vii acras et communi pastura.’ In the Chartulary of Arbroath we have ‘una carrucata terræ mensurata et arabilis cum commune pastura,’ p. 7. Footnote 270: _Charters of Holyrood_, p. 44. Footnote 271: _Chart. of St. Andrews_, p. 114. Footnote 272: ‘The tenants, particularly of arable farms, have but small possessions, only the fourth part of a farm, or what is called here a Horsegang’ (_Stat. Acc. of Kilmartin_, viii. 97). In the Craignish papers it is termed a quarter or Horsegang, and an eight shilling and eight-penny land. Footnote 273: _Scotch Legal Antiquities_, by Cosmo Innes, p. 270. Mr. Innes was the first to discover this important analogy. Footnote 274: _Origines Parochiales_, vol. ii. part i. pp. 177, 191. Appendix III. Footnote 275: Information derived from the late Colonel Macdonell of Glengarry, who had an accurate knowledge of Highland traditions. In the _Stat. Acc._ of Saddel it is stated that the average stock of a merk land is 4 horses, 12 milch cows with their followers, and 40 sheep with theirs (vol. xii. p. 477). Footnote 276: _Reg. Mag. Sig._, lib. xiv. No. 389. Footnote 277: _Chart. of St. Andrews_, p. 45. Footnote 278: _Chartulary of Dunfermline._ Footnote 279: _Antiquities of Aberdeen and Banff_, vol. ii. p. 273. Footnote 280: _Chartulary of Moray_, p. 8. Footnote 281: _Ib._ p. 83. Footnote 282: _Antiq. of Aberdeen and Banff_, vol. ii. pp. 17, 22. Footnote 283: _Antiquities of Aberdeen and Banff_, vol. i. p. 174. Footnote 284: _Chartulary of St. Andrews_, p. 238. Footnote 285: _Chartulary of Arbroath_, pp. 12, 35. Footnote 286: _Chartulary of Glasgow_, p. 12. Footnote 287: _Chartulary of Holyrood_, p. 61. Footnote 288: _Acts of Parl._, vol. i. p. 378. Footnote 289: _Chart. of Moray_, pp. 23, 76, 80. Footnote 290: Craig arrives at the true meaning when he says, ‘Meo quidem judicio melius a _canone_ deducetur, cum idem prope significet. _Canon_ enim in jure præstationem annuam sive pensitationem innuit, unde canon frumentarius et canon metallicus.... Est itaque _Cana_ idem quod _Canica_, sive _Canon_, sive certa præstatio annua, quæ nunquam naturam feudi per se, neque speciem tenendriæ immutat, ut nulla alia præstatio annua, nisi exprimatur tenenda in feudifirma.’—_Jus feudale_, pp. 79, 28. Footnote 291: _Liber Ecclesie de Scon_, p. 7. Footnote 292: _Chamberlain Rolls_, pp. 6, 50. There is a blank in the record. Footnote 293: Appendix III., Athole Papers. _Collect. de Rebus Albanicis_, p. 16. Footnote 294: