On the death of his mother, Queen Marie Amélie, the Duc d'Aumale inherited a great many family portraits and miniatures, the most noteworthy among these being a life-size portrait of _Gaston d'Orléans_ by Van Dyck, of which there is a replica in the Radnor Collection. This painting was given to Louis Philippe by George IV and was probably painted at the request of Queen Henrietta Maria, wife of Charles I, who was a sister of the Royal sitter. There is not the slightest resemblance in his features to the good King Henri IV, his father. Treachery lurks in his mouth and eyes, and we cannot help being reminded that he was the direct cause of the execution of the last Montmorency. From the same source came a portrait of _Queen Marie Amélie_ herself, painted by Gérard in 1817, and likenesses of the same Queen and two of her daughters by Vigée Le Brun; a portrait of _Louis Philippe_ as Duc d'Orléans, when professor at Reichenau, by Winterhalter; and others of _Philippe Egalité_ and his charming wife, a daughter of the Duc de Penthièvre, and of the _Duc d'Aumale_ as a child by Robert Fleury. Most of the gems and miniatures are likewise from the collection of Queen Marie Amélie; and to the miniatures, in course of time, were added others of members of the Royal Family of France bought by the Duke himself, such as of _Anne de Bretagne_, _François I_, _Gabrielle d'Estrées_ and her two sons, _Henri II_, _Henri IV_, and _Sully_, the famous Minister of Finance; of the _Duc de Guise_ (_le Balafré_), _Marie de Medicis_, _Marie Thérèse_, Queen of Louis XIV, the _Grand Dauphin_ and his wife _Marie Anne of Bavaria_, and many more. In 1865 Mr. Colnaghi sold to the Duke Meissonier's _Les Dragons sous Louis XV_ and a landscape by S. W. Reynolds, who is best known as an engraver. The charming portrait of _Maria, Lady Waldegrave with her Daughter_ by Sir Joshua, was bequeathed to the Duke by Frances, Countess of Waldegrave; and Lord Holland in 1860 presented him with _Talleyrand's_ portrait by Ary Scheffer. From Sir Charles Robinson the Duc d'Aumale acquired some fine Italian manuscripts, and an interesting Rheno-Byzantine painting representing the _Emperor Otto I_ seated between two allegorical female figures, each holding a small globe signifying the vassal states of the Empire. This painting, which is of considerable historical value, is apparently a detached portion of a MS. illuminated for the Emperor about the year 1000. From the same source came another fragment, a _Resurrection_, dating from the fourteenth century and belonging to the Sienese School. This hangs in the Rotonde near a miniature of a _Christ on the Cross_ attributed to Giulio Clovio.