Kalir, new-Hebrew poet, 85, 86, 87. date of, 87. style of, 87-88, 107. subject-matter of, 88-89. quotation from, 89-90. Kalirian Piyut, the, 85. Kalonymos, the son of Kalonymos, translator, 149, 185. as poet, 179, 180, 185-186. Kant, and Mendelssohn, 257. Kaphtor va-Pherach, by Esthori Parchi, 205. Karaism, rise of, 75-76. a reaction against tradition, 76. defect of, 76. literary influence of, 77. history of, 80. Rabbinite opposition to, 82. opposed by Saadiah, 91, 92. Kepler, correspondent of David Gans, 220. Kether Malchuth, by Solomon Ibn Gebirol, 110. quotation from, 111-112. Kimchi. _See_ Joseph; Moses; David. Kirkisani, Karaite author, 80. Kodashim, order of the Mishnah, 31. Kore ha-Doroth, by David Conforte, 220. "Lamp of Light, The," by Isaac Aboab, 192. Landau, Ezekiel, author of "Responses," 238. Lavater, and Mendelssohn, 258. "Law of Man, The," by Nachmanides, 166. Lecha Dodi, Sabbath hymn, 239. Lecky, on the scientific activity of the Jews, 150. Leon da Modena, historian, 220. Leon, Messer, physician and writer, 187. Leshon Limmudim, by Sahal, the son of Mazliach, 79. "Lesser Sanctuary, The," by Moses Rieti, 186. Lessing, and Mendelssohn, 255-256. "Letter," by Sherira, 70-71, 212. "Letter of Advice, The," by Solomon Alami, 197-198. "Letter of Aristeas," by Azariah di Rossi, 223. "Letters," the, of the Gaonim, scope of, 71-73. style of, 74. geographical notes in, 200. and the "Responses," 234. Levi, the son of Gershon, philosopher, 141. Lexicon, by Sahal, 79. by David, 79. by David Kimchi, 117. Lexicon, Talmudical. _See_ Aruch, 70. "Light of God, The," by Chasdai Crescas, 141. "Light of the Eyes, The," by Azariah di Rossi, 220, 223. Literature, Jewish, oral, 21-22. principle of, 23-24. under the influence of Karaism, 77. _See_ Mishnah, the. Liturgy, the, earliest additions to, 83. _See_ Piyut, the. Lorraine, the Kalirian Piyut in, 85. Lost Ten Tribes, book on, 201. in Brazil, 208. Lucas, Mrs. Alice, translations by, quoted, 63. Lucian, used in "Josippon," 214. Luzzatto, Moses Chayim, Kabbalist and dramatist, 176. ethical work by, 193. as dramatist, 246-247. Lydda, centre of Jewish learning, 20. Machberoth, by Immanuel of Rome, 182-185. Maggid, familiar of Joseph Karo, 239. Maharil, collection of Customs, 238. Maimonides, Moses, the forerunner of, 95. youth of, 134-135. activities of, 135-136. disinterestedness of, 136. attacks on, 137, 141. prominence of, 137-138. as a philosopher, 138-141, 142, 151. works of, translated, 148. and Nachmanides, 163. studied by Spinoza, 250. Mainz, Rashi at, 122. Majorca, the Spanish Piyut in, 85. Manasseh ben Israel, and the Lost Tribes, 208-209, 243, 247-248. political activity of, 244, 248. life of, 244. attainments and friends of, 245. activities of, 247. as a pamphleteer, 248-249. and Spinoza, 250. Manetho, historian, and Josephus, 36.