Character of Renaissance ArchitectureMoore, Charles Herbert
History
Character of Renaissance Architecture
Moore, Charles Herbert
Architecture, Renaissance
The arrangements, as well as the treatment, of the details drawn
from plant life that are associated with this style of design are
often most artificial and inorganic, as in the pulpit of Santa Croce
before mentioned, where on the side of a console (Fig. 100) fruit
and leafage issue from a nondescript receptacle of ungraceful shape,
having a clumsy fluted stalk bound with a fluttering ribbon ending in
a tassel. Such unnaturally composed details are unknown in the pure
Gothic art which the men of the Renaissance thought so barbaric. The
introduction of objects like the singular cornucopia and the ribbon of
this design is common in Renaissance ornamentation. Without affirming
that artificial objects may never enter into an ornamental composition,
I think it may be said that such objects, if used as conspicuous
features, ought to have some beauty of form,[113] and certainly every
group of objects, of whatever kind, should be composed so as to
produce an effect of organic unity. Each detail ought to have a place
and a posture which should make it a part of some system of related
ornamental lines. This is, of course, elementary, and the principle is
usually carried out in the ornamentation of the Renaissance, though in
a highly artificial way. But in the design on the triangular panel of
this console there is no fine system of related lines. The fruit and
leafage have a disjointed arrangement, and the wriggled ribbon has no
beauty of line or surface.
[Illustration: FIG. 101.--Leafage from the Ghiberti
gates.]
Instances of such disordered composition are conspicuous in the borders
of the famous Ghiberti gates of the Florentine Baptistery, where
the bosses of leafage set at regular intervals are composed in the
same inorganic way (Fig. 101), and the bunches are bound with spiral
fluted fillets. It is noticeable that the details are here elaborated
with a minute naturalistic completeness that is incompatible with
architectural effectiveness. The possibilities of the bronze material
in which the design is wrought are developed to the utmost in the
rendering of leaf veinings, serrations, and surface textures. This
tendency to combine excessive naturalism with extremely artificial
composition is a curious characteristic of both Roman and Renaissance
art.
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